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Developing approaches to identify patients who may benefit from specific treatments is an important area of research. A study now defines an HDAC6 score to predict the response of patients with breast cancer to the HDAC6 inhibitor ricolinostat and characterizes its anti-tumor effects with preclinical mechanistic work and a phase 1b clinical trial.
Overall survival for children with rare, relapsed, metastatic and/or refractory cancers has remained unacceptably low over the past four decades. A new precision oncology study introduces an integrative germline and somatic sequencing approach that could breach this impasse to advance cures for children with cancer.
Shlien and colleagues report on 300 patients from the SickKids Cancer Sequencing program and identify clinically actionable variants in 56% of the patients by profiling somatic and germline data at multiple clinical time points.
Gulhati et al. demonstrate therapeutic efficacy for combinatorial administration of 41BB agonist, LAG3 antagonist and a CXCR1/2 inhibitor in murine pancreatic cancer models, resulting in a remodeled tumor microenvironment.
Silva and colleagues develop a network-based HDAC6 score which could predict sensitivity to the HDAC6 inhibitor ricolinstat in preclinical models, as well as patients with HR+/HER2− breast cancer that received ricolinstat in a phase 1b clinical trial.
Perou and colleagues perform genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses on pairs of primary and metastatic breast tumors, detecting subtype switching and changes in immune signatures and DNA methylation patterns associated with metastasis.
Lasry and Nadorp et al. use single-cell RNA sequencing and CITE sequencing to reveal inflammatory gene expression in a subset of pediatric and adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia that associates with changes in the immune microenvironment and generate an inflammatory score with prognostic potential.
Oh and colleagues demonstrate that the DUSP6–RSK1 axis is involved in the transformation of myeloproliferative neoplasms to secondary acute myeloid leukemia and that DUSP6 mediates the response to JAK2 inhibition.
Müller-Tidow and colleagues perform a randomized clinical trial and show that administration of convalescent plasma improves COVID-19 outcome in patients with cancer who are unable to generate an adequate immune response.
Piccolo and colleagues discuss the current knowledge on YAP/TAZ biology in cancer, highlighting recent progress in the field and discussing open questions, as well as potential clinical implications.
Baek and colleagues present a proteogenomic analysis of 196 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in an Asian population, identifying subtypes with invasive and proliferative features or immunogenic features, as a resource for future studies.
Keppler and colleagues show that individuals with hematological cancers rapidly develop potent infection-neutralizing antibodies and a robust T cell response against several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in response to mRNA vaccination.