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A nanoparticle-based formulation of the anticancer drug pazopanib, which inhibits VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, shows promise as a disease-modifying drug for osteoarthritis.
In a head-to-head phase III trial of two drugs that target IL-5 or its receptor, benralizumab was noninferior to mepolizumab for the induction of remission in patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
Characteristic patterns of joint involvement exist in different forms of arthritis. Research now indicates that epigenetic programming of synovial fibroblasts diversifies their response to inflammatory cascades, leading to this anatomical variation in arthritis and its response to treatment.
In 2006, a linear immunological continuum of autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders ranging from monogenic diseases of innate immunity at one end to monogenic diseases of adaptive immunity at the other end was proposed to classify these conditions. Deep immunophenotyping has now revealed a cell-based nosology of these disorders.
This Review discusses joint-specific memory (the tendency of arthritis to recur in previously inflamed joints), explores the involvement of resident memory T cells and other contributors, and evaluates how arthritis might spread to new joints, emphasizing the important of sustained treatment.
Early identification of osteoarthritis (OA) prior to the development of symptoms is challenging. Post-traumatic OA provides a model for the development of OA following a defined event. In this Review, the authors describe the existing knowledge relating to the biomarkers of post-traumatic OA, which might also be applicable to the identification of early non-traumatic OA.
Rheumatoid arthritis has a substantial genetic component, some of which is associated with the presence of low-frequency or rare variants. Next-generation sequencing in large and well-defined cohorts can continue to identify these variants and thereby contribute to the future prediction, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Beyond the traditional classification of monogenic or complex, many genetic diseases can be considered genetically transitional disease. In this Perspective, the authors consider the application of the genetically transitional disease model to rheumatic diseases and the potential implications for patient care, genetic counselling and research.
