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The requirement for delivery by injection is currently a limitation for the use of biologic drugs such as antibodies. In this Review, Mitragotri and colleagues discuss advances made in non-invasive drug delivery for biologics, including the transdermal, oral and inhalation routes, highlighting which routes are the most promising and the additional challenges to bringing these systems to the clinic.
Olfactory and taste receptors are ectopically expressed in multiple extra-nasal and extra-oral tissues, exhibiting potential functions in a diverse range of biological processes. Here, Lee et al. discuss the physiological roles of these ectopic olfactory and taste receptors, assessing their emerging therapeutic and diagnostic potential in conditions including asthma, wound healing, obesity and cancer.
The development of oncology drugs traditionally begins by studying them in heavily pretreated patients, and then working ‘upstream’ to populations with earlier-stage disease. The recent FDA approval of an androgen receptor antagonist first in prostate cancer patients without demonstrable metastatic disease but at high-risk for metastasis, based on a novel metastasis-free survival end point developed by the FDA, could provide a template for a paradigm shift.