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“Everything is everywhere, but, the environment selects” — a hypothesis formulated by Lourens Baas Becking in 1934 — is used to frame research that analyses the sharing of Escherichia coli strains across humans, livestock and wildlife animals.
Following bacterial infection, macrophages undergo metabolic changes that activate antibacterial responses. However, pathogens can exploit host immunometabolites as a signal for virulence induction. This Review examines the crosstalk between pathogens and macrophage immunometabolism.
Sources of microbial metabolites in the surface ocean, their roles in ecology and biogeochemistry, and methods that can be used to analyse them are reviewed.
Contractile injection systems are nanomachines used by bacteria to puncture target cell membranes, thereby mediating bacterial competition and infection of eukaryotic cells. Two studies shed light on the structural diversity of these molecular spearguns using advanced multiscale imaging techniques.
This Review summarizes current knowledge on the vaginal microbiota and discusses how research can progress from association to mechanism to provide deeper insights into its role in health and disease.
A potential new therapeutic approach that targets the unique nutrient requirements of Lactobacillus iners to improve bacterial vaginosis treatment outcomes is described.
Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) induces remodelling of the host-cell transcriptome, which is mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Histone acetylation of KCNJ15 stimulates transcription and the activation of genes implicated in apoptosis to promote Mtb clearance.
Homeodomain protein 1 (HDP1), a DNA-binding protein unrelated to AP2 transcription factors, has been identified as a regulator of gametocyte maturation in Plasmodium falciparum.
A combination of highly accurate long-read sequencing and genome contact maps has been used to produce hundreds of lineage-resolved metagenome-assembled genomes from a complex microbial community isolated from a sheep fecal sample.
