Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
The structures of a variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) from Trypanosoma brucei suggest that VSGs adopt different conformations to respond to obstacles present in the cell membrane, enabling them to maintain a protective coat at all times.
TRIM23 is identified as an essential regulator of virus-induced autophagy that mediates restriction to several RNA and DNA viruses. K27-mediated ubiquitylation activates TRIM23 GTPase activity, triggering its relocalization and selective autophagy.
CD81 is shown to interact with SAMHD1 and lead to its proteasomal degradation, thereby impacting dNTP availability and enhancing HIV-1 reverse transcription in primary human T cells.
Quorum-sensing-mediated interactions between Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei promote the differentiation of T. brucei into transmissible ‘stumpy forms’, suggesting that cross-species interactions during co-infections modulate disease dynamics.
Chikungunya virus infection leads to painful arthritis-like joint inflammation. This study shows that the NLRP3 inflammasome is crucial for alphavirus-induced inflammation and its inhibition is an effective therapeutic strategy.
Toxoplasma gondii uses its proteins RON2, RON4 and RON5 to recruit host proteins, including the ESCRT-I components ALIX and TSG101 to the moving junction, a multimolecular structure that enables invasion.
An archaeal plasmid that can be transported in membrane vesicles, similar to a virus, and encodes proteins that can insert into host membranes and membrane vesicles, provides insights into the evolutionary link between plasmids and viruses.
Both African and epidemic strains of Zika virus are shown to target CD14+ monocytes, which are more susceptible in pregnant women, but African strains are associated with inflammatory responses, and epidemic strains with immunotolerance.
This study reports the identification of broadly protective antibodies targeting the influenza B neuraminidase away from its active site. One dose of antibody therapy was more protective in mice than multiple doses of the current standard of care.
Metagenomic analyses reveal that microbial genomes undergo a community-wide transition in size and GC content across a narrow depth range, indicating that nutrient limitation is a major driver in marine microbial genomic and proteomic evolution.
During acute HIV type 1 infection, a subset of γδ T cells that express Δ42PD1 are shown to home to the gut, where they activate innate immunity and inflammation through direct interaction of Δ42PD1 with Toll-like receptor 4. Blockade of this pathway reduces mucosal damage.
A new class of drugs, hexahydroquinolines, inhibits host haemoglobin endocytosis by Plasmodium falciparum and displays both therapeutic and transmission-blocking activities.
Isolation of a cyanophage encoding photosystem I genes reveals that these are expressed during infection and inserted into host membranes, resulting in enhanced electron flow, and that phage carrying these genes are abundant in marine environments.
A genome-wide association approach identifies differential biofilm and virulence attributes associated with mortality in two Staphylococcus aureus clonal complexes.
A virulent phage of Streptococcus thermophilus encodes an anti-CRISPR protein that is active against the CRISPR–Cas9 of multiple bacteria and inhibits the SpCas9 system commonly used for genome engineering.
In situ analysis of natural Crocosphaera populations revealed diel cycling of transcript abundances for a range of metabolic pathways, indicating that these cyanobacteria are dominant nitrogen fixers and contributors to primary productivity.