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Volume 7 Issue 6, June 2001

The small round blue cell tumors (SRBCT) of childhood can be difficult to diagnose using currently available molecular tools. On page 673 of this issue, Khan et al. apply artificial neural networks to gene expression profiles of SRBCT and are able to use their algorithms to correctly diagnose and classify blinded tumor samples with 100% accuracy. The cover illustrates the idea of a diagnostic 'chip' that merges cDNA microarray analysis (colored spots) with neural networks (circuit board) to create decision pathways (yellow lines). Cover art based on an image created by Darryl Leja.

Volume 7 Issue 6

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  • Better clinical endpoints are needed to monitor the efficacy of drugs designed to block enzymatic function, such as matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. A new imaging technique allows researchers to monitor native enzymatic activity in vivo, and more effectively evaluate the therapeutic potential of these drugs (pages 743–748).

    • Stanley Zucker
    • Jian Cao
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  • Heme oxygenase-1, an enzyme expressed during injury, reduces vasoconstriction and inhibits formation of free radicals. Someday it might be used as a local therapeutic agent at sites of vascular injury (Pages 693–698).

    • Stephen M. Schwartz
    News & Views

  • Artificial neural networks were used to decipher gene-expression signatures collected with DNA microarrays and to classify cancers into specific categories. Will this technology lead to better diagnostic tools and new therapeutic targets? (pages 673–679)

    • Yudong D. He
    • Stephen H. Friend
    News & Views

  • HIV isolates resistant to protease inhibitor treatment have an impaired ability to replicate in thymocytes, allowing T-cell production to continue despite the peripheral T-cell decline. Understanding the basis for cellular differences in HIV replication might teach us new ways to protect the immune system from highly pathogenic strains of HIV-1 (pages 712–718).

    • Barton F. Haynes
    • Gregory D. Sempowski
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  • The ability of all-trans-retinoic acid to stimulate granulocytic differentiation makes it useful in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Recent findings suggest that this drug can also induce post-maturation apoptosis through the Apo-2L/TRAIL death ligand (pages 680–686).

    • Arthur Zelent
    News & Views

  • Mice with mutations in the Mer tyrosine kinase have deficits in the clearance of apoptotic thymocytes and increased titers of anti-DNA autoantibodies. These findings provide new in vivo evidence to suggest that impairments in clearance of apoptotic cells may underlie systemic autoimmunity.

    • Antony Rosen
    • Livia Casciola-Rosen
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    • Kristine Novak
    • Leila Alland
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