Articles

Endothelial cells (ECs) require glycolysis during angiogenesis; however, the function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain during this process is unclear. Here the authors show that mitochondrial respiration in ECs is required for angiogenesis as the biosynthetic role of mitochondria is needed for EC proliferation.

Maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis is essential to human health. Here, the authors identify and characterize a primate-specific long noncoding RNA, called CHROME, that controls cholesterol homeostasis through fine-tuning of miRNAs and whose levels are elevated in human atherosclerosis.

Impaired adipocyte insulin signalling characterizes insulin resistance. Here the authors show that the hormone-sensitive lipase can sequester the glucose-responsive transcription factor ChREBP in the cytoplasm, which prevents transcription of its target ELOVL6, resulting in reduced insulin signalling.

The metabolic dependencies of androgen receptor (AR)-driven growth in prostate adenocarcinoma are largely unknown but could represent a therapeutic target when hormonal manipulations fail. Here the authors demonstrate that the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) is transcriptionally regulated by AR and that MPC inhibition suppresses tumour growth in hormone-responsive and castrate-resistant conditions.

Obese and dysfunctional adipose tissue is known to be hypoxic. Here the authors show that adipocyte oxygen consumption increases early after onset of high-fat diet feeding owing to activation of the mitochondrial protein ANT2 and that specific inhibition of ANT2 reduces adipose tissue hypoxia, inflammation and insulin resistance.

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a gut incretin hormone released in response to nutrients. Here, the authors report an anti-inflammatory and antiobesogenic mechanism of GIP by showing that loss of GIP receptor signalling in myeloid cells promotes pro-inflammatory S100A8/A9 release in adipose tissue.