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  • Natural gas can be collected from hydrate deposits by exchange with CO2, but the ensuing mixed hydrates and the path to a complete exchange are not fully understood. Here, computational analyses of neutron pair distribution functions of CH4, CO2 and mixed CH4-CO2 hydrates at 10 K reveal that the behavior of mixed gas species cannot be interpolated from properties of pure compounds.

    • Bernadette R. Cladek
    • S. Michelle Everett
    • Claudia J. Rawn
    ArticleOpen Access
  • Octacalcium phosphate is a precursor to a key component of human bone and tooth enamel which can incorporate carboxylate species, but the effect of multivalent carboxylates is not well understood. Here the incorporation of tetracarboxylic acids into OCP is shown to influence the structural and optical properties of the resultant composite.

    • Taishi Yokoi
    • Tomoyo Goto
    • Masakazu Kawashita
    ArticleOpen Access
  • Biomineralization allows for crystal structure, size, and morphology control over inorganic compounds, but precipitation at random compositions hinders the construction of complex nanostructures. Here, the elemental composition of a gold-titania nanocomposite photocatalyst is controlled through two inorganic precipitating peptides bound to DNA.

    • Makoto Ozaki
    • Takahito Imai
    • Kenji Usui
    ArticleOpen Access
  • Metal–organic frameworks have been shown to adsorb and decompose chemical warfare agents, but their mechanism of action is not completely understood. Here the authors quantitatively track the binding and decomposition product structures of nerve-agent simulant dimethyl methylphosphonate in host UiO-67 through in situ X-ray total scattering measurements, pair distribution function analysis, and density functional theory calculations.

    • Maxwell W. Terban
    • Sanjit K. Ghose
    • Anatoly I. Frenkel
    ArticleOpen Access
  • Near-infrared fluorescent proteins engineered from bacterial phytochromes are important for deep-tissue imaging in vivo, but the mechanism through which they bind to chromophores is not fully understood. Here the authors structurally analyze biliverdin binding to miRFP proteins using time-resolved stimulated Raman spectroscopy and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics calculations.

    • Yusaku Hontani
    • Mikhail Baloban
    • John T. M. Kennis
    ArticleOpen Access