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A differential scanning calorimetry study of Bacillus subtilis vitrification shows that perchlorate salts can lower the onset of intracellular vitrification, with implications for the low temperature limit of life in salt-rich subzero environments.
A human fMRI study shows that defensive cardiac states moderate the neural computations of reward and threat value underlying approach-avoidance arbitration.
This study shows that M2 macrophage-derived exosomes promote malignancy in ovarian cancer cells by delivering circTMCO3 and targeting the miR-515-5p/ITGA8 axis.
A Penicillium citrinum-associated pellet at mealybugs’ legs, which forms on mealybugs feeding on tomato and originates jointly from plant secretions and waxy filaments, provides multiple protections for mealybugs through suppressing pathogens and host defense.
Using flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses, the authors characterize the functional diversity of B cell subsets in the lungs of patients with tuberculosis.
Over one-third of the sampled shorebirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway are facing Hg risk. Tringa genus in South China was at the highest risk. Feather Hg was best explained by feathers’ moulting region, while habitat preference, diet, and foraging stratum were less important.
By performing displacement experiments with Lamprologus ocellatus, we show evidence consistent with fish using path integration to navigate alongside other mechanisms: allothetic place cues and route recapitulation.
Population genomic and epigenomic study in a facultatively asexual plant indicates that natural selection can act on the controls of asexual reproduction during range expansion, which in turn might reduce genetic and epigenetic diversity in the population.
The SPP1 tail completion protein, representative of a widespread family of essential phage proteins, is shown to play a role in capsid-tail attachment and to be essential for routing of phage DNA from the viral particle to the bacterial cytoplasm.
Bat MHC-I’s AA insertions boost thermal stability and peptide diversity, potentially adapting to flight-induced high temperatures and improving antiviral defenses, suggesting an evolutionary strategy to body temperature changes.
Ehle et al. show that downregulation of the liver-identity factor HNF4A facilitates inflammation-associated acute phase gene expression at the expense of homeostatic hepatic functions, to promote the acute phase response.
A biochemical study discovers that the target site preferences of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3C differ from its relatives DNMT3A and DNMT3B and they specifically match the biological repeat elements methylated by DNMT3C.
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors potentiate anti-tumor immunity by inducing tumor immunogenicity and improving antigen processing through the STING-dependent type I interferon response.
An in vitro study on fibroblasts from clinically affected or unaffected skin of patients with Pseudoxanthoma elasticum indicates that local microenvironment guides the level of matrix remodeling and the extent of elastic fiber calcification.
A study suggests that rifleman – one of the two extant species of New Zealand wrens, the most basal Passeriformes in birds – has predispositions for vocal production learning, including group vocal signatures, vocal convergence, and phenotypic variance call ratios similar to vocal learners.
Prodromal gut inflammation exacerbates Parkinson’s disease endophenotypes in mouse carriers of human LRRK2 G2019S in a sex-dependent manner, showing increased α-synuclein positive macrophages in the colon and brain microglia.
This study on how Staphylococcus aureus manipulates host-derived fatty acids reveals that a bacteriallipase (Lip2) converts toxic fatty acids and cholesterol into innocuous cholesteryl esters.
An in vitro and in vivo study using human melanoma cell lines suggests that perturbing lysosomal function stimulates lysosome biogenesis and decreases invasiveness potential.
A computational study describing a parallel extension to software “STochastic Engine for Pathway Simulation" that simulates vesicles and their interactions with the cellular environment, including endocytosis, docking, fusion and active transport.