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Mutations that cause fragile X syndrome and tuberous sclerosis shift the balance of mGluR5 signalling and synaptic protein synthesis in opposite directions.
A cellular reprogramming approach reveals that Timothy syndrome, which may be associated with symptoms of autism, is linked to impaired cortical neuron differentiation and abnormal catecholamine signalling.
Some of the functions attributed to striatal cholinergic neurons, such as spontaneous locomotor activity and rewarding response to cocaine, are actually mediated by the release of glutamate.
A new study demonstrates a method by which dopaminergic neurons can be reliably produced from stem cells, which when transplanted into damaged dopaminergic tissue, integrate into the host tissue to produce functional recovery.
The greatest differences in brain gene expression patterns are observed between brain regions and over time, rather than between sexes, ethnicities or individuals.