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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has essential roles in metabolism and can be readily supplemented, potentially to benefit human health. This Review discusses recent insights into the roles of the microbiome and cellular compartments in regulating NAD+ metabolism, and the promise and pitfalls of NAD+ supplementation.
Tau is a microtubule-binding protein that is expressed primarily in neurons. The abnormal accumulation of tau aggregates in neurons is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, known as tauopathies, such as Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia. This Review discusses recent insights into the diverse cellular functions of tau, the pathology of tau aggregates and the potential for therapeutic interventions.
Paul Nurse discusses how a 1971 paper by Culotti and Hartwell inspired him to investigate the cell cycle in fission yeast, and how these genetics studies led to the discovery of cyclin-dependent kinases.
Many proteins in the mouse ovary are extremely stable; they enhance proteostasis and limit protein aggregation, thereby supporting the maintenance of the long-lived oocytes.
In a recent study, Bong et al. identify a polarized distribution of contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane in migrating cells, whereby higher density of contacts in the back of the cells prevents the formation of additional migration fronts.
This Comment discusses erroneous reporting of mass spectrometry analyses of lipids in mammalian samples, and provides recommendations for how to avoid it.
In this Viewpoint, experts discuss resolution and common trade-offs in super-resolution microscopy, aiming to improve how biologists use the technology.
Recently developed RNA structure profiling methods are transforming our understanding of static and dynamic facets of RNA structures at single-cell and single-molecule resolution. These data have revealed new roles for structures in RNA biogenesis and function, and guide drug design against viral RNAs and for treatment of genetic diseases.
Sphingolipids are a heterogeneous group of lipids with important roles in membrane form and function, cell signalling, and development. This Review discusses the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism at the subcellular and organismal levels and explores the therapeutic potential of targeting sphingolipids in human diseases.
Endosomes function as sorting stations that segregate cargo proteins into endosomal carriers, enabling their distribution to subcellular target compartments. Increasingly detailed structural insights have revealed how proteins, such as sorting nexins, assemble on endosomal membranes to form a coat that facilitates the formation and detachment of tubular carriers.
In this Tools of the Trade article, Reiniš and Reicher (Kubicek Lab) describe the development of a multicolour protein-tagging strategy that allows live-cell monitoring of multiple proteins.
This study uncovered a link between PI5P, PI5P4Ks and the Hippo pathway, whereby PI5P reinforces the inhibition of YAP, the effector of the Hippo pathway.
Kawaguchi et al. identify a chromatin code based on repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) that serves as a segment-specific positional marker in connective tissue cells of axolotls, enabling correct patterning during limb regeneration.
Senescent cells have complex and important roles in cancer and ageing, but they are quite rare and difficult to characterize in tissues in vivo. In this Expert Recommendation, the SenNet Biomarkers Working Group discusses recent advances in detecting and characterizing cellular senescence and provides recommendations for senescence markers in 14 human and mouse tissues.
