Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Available interventions for adolescents with obesity are based on behavioural therapy and lifestyle modification. A new randomized, controlled trial provides evidence of efficacy of a pharmacological therapy, liraglutide, for weight control in adolescent obesity. The indications for more widespread use of this medication in clinical practice are under discussion.
Creatine is well known to have a key role in energy buffering; however, new work is showing that creatine also has roles in diverse cell types and physiological conditions that are distinct from this classic role. This Review discusses the role of creatine in adipocyte thermogenesis, immunity and cancer cell survival.
Dumping syndrome is a frequent complication of oesophageal and gastric surgery, as well as bariatric surgery; however, guidance on how to manage patients with this condition is lacking. In this Evidence-based guideline, the authors use a Delphi consensus process to develop uniform guidance for the definition, diagnosis and management of dumping syndrome.
Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamus exert key regulatory control over reproduction and are subjected to tight control by metabolic factors. This Review highlights the mechanisms by which kisspeptin neurons undergo metabolic regulation, from early developmental stages through to adulthood.
Understanding the mechanisms behind β-cell failure in diabetes mellitus is critical to prevent or revert disease. This Review highlights new findings from studies performed on human β-cells or on samples obtained from patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Neuroendocrine liver metastases often require multiple modes of treatment to attain disease control, which can utilize various forms of radiolabelled agents either delivered systemically or preferentially towards the liver. A recent trial suggested both safety and efficacy of a novel approach of combining the two to provide a radiation ‘boost’ to hepatic deposits.
Gain-of-function mutations in the genes encoding ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) subunits cause neonatal diabetes mellitus. This Review discusses the mechanism of action of mutations that lead to neonatal diabetes mellitus and briefly reviews work on the management of this disease.
This Review discusses the emerging aspects of crosstalk in the nuclear receptor field. The authors present various mechanistic crosstalk modes and provide examples that support applicability of the atypical heterodimer concept.
Available evidence demonstrates a crosstalk between the renin–angiotensin and the parathyroid hormone–vitamin D systems. A new study suggests that vitamin D supplementation can lower systolic blood pressure and plasma aldosterone levels in patients with primary aldosteronism.
High doses and long-term use of glucocorticoids lead to an important and common iatrogenic complication, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. This Review outlines our current understanding of the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and discusses treatment options.
This Review summarizes the process involved in the metabolism of macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids and proteins) with a focus on the physiological and neuroendocrine aspects. The associations between macronutrients and obesity are also discussed in the context of factors such as genetics and the microbiome composition.
Young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosed in people aged <40 years has a more rapid disease course that later-onset T2DM. This Review discusses the current and future burden of young-onset T2DM in different populations and highlights the associations of young-onset T2DM with premature mortality and morbidity.
Osteoporosis interventions are currently recommended in a small proportion of postmenopausal women, of whom ~50% will experience bone fracture. This Perspectives proposes that broader use of generic bisphosphonates would result in reductions in total fracture numbers and suggests that the current bone density definition of osteoporosis requires reappraisal.
The adrenal glands are a source of androgens that all share an oxygen atom on carbon 11 (termed 11-oxyandrogens). This Review focuses on the rapidly expanding knowledge regarding the implications of 11-oxyandrogens in human physiology and disease.
This Review discusses mechanisms of cellular senescence and approaches to target this pathway therapeutically using ‘senolytic’ drugs or inhibitors of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. In addition, evidence is presented that cellular senescence has a causative role in multiple chronic diseases associated with ageing and/or endocrine diseases.
Current recommendations for perioperative doses of hydrocortisone in patients with adrenal insufficiency undergoing major surgery with general anaesthesia have been examined in a new paper. Compared with current guidelines, lower doses of hydrocortisone, tapered quickly back to baseline levels of glucocorticoids, were found to be effective and safe.
This Review discusses the connections between insulin signalling and oncogenic transformation, highlighting the potential effect of insulin as a pro-tumorigenic factor. The latest studies examining new approaches to circumvent systemic insulin feedback to increase the antitumour effect of agents targeting the insulin signalling pathway are discussed.
Effective medical treatment for thyroid eye disease, a debilitating condition that can cause sight loss, has been lacking. A recent phase III trial of teprotumumab, an IGF1R antagonist, reports encouraging results and could be a game changer. Here, the trial is put in the context of current management strategies to address this question.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has genetic and environmental risk factors that result in impaired glucose homeostasis. This Review discusses efforts to identify molecular mechanisms associated with T2DM susceptibility loci and highlights the current human models that are used to study β-cell development and function.
A new study reveals that a high-sugar diet acutely alters human sperm small RNA profiles after 1 week and that these changes are associated with changes in sperm motility. This rapid response by sperm to nutritional fluctuation raises intriguing questions regarding the underlying mechanisms and the potential effects on offspring metabolic health.
