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For a person with type 1 diabetes mellitus, lifelong insulin treatment is the only therapeutic option. However, increased blood levels of glucose are just a symptom of impaired β-cell function. Approaching the centenary of the first insulin injection, broadening of international therapeutic guidelines to improve diagnostics, as well as monitor and preserve β-cell function, is warranted.
Emerging evidence demonstrates that an increasing number of novel medications have considerable potential to induce adrenal insufficiency. This condition might lead to acute adrenocortical insufficiency, which is potentially fatal; however, the condition could be avoided if clinicians are more aware of the new findings and their implications.