Reviews & Analysis

This PrimeView highlights the pathophysiology of tension-type headache and accompanies the Primer article on this topic by Ashina and colleagues.

This Primer discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of tension-type headache. This Primer also summarizes the quality of life issues faced by patients and future research priorities in this field.

This PrimeView highlights the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumours, and summarizes the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, quality of life and outlook of patients with this disease. It accompanies the Primer on this topic by Blay and colleagues.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are the most frequent of all sarcomas. In this Primer, Blay et al. present an overview of epidemiology, mechanisms of tumorigenesis and molecular subtypes of GIST. They discuss state-of-the-art GIST diagnosis and treatment, means to improve patient quality of life and outstanding research questions.

This PrimeView describes the types of adrenal insufficiency, its epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis and management as well as highlights the specific strategies to prevent and treat adrenal crises.

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is an endocrine disorder characterized by adrenal hypofunction, resulting in cortisol deficiency. In this Primer, Hahner and colleagues describe the different types of AI, their epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis. Additionally, the authors discuss specific challenges associated with the long-term management of this disorder and strategies to prevent adrenal crises.

This PrimeView accompanies the Primer article on Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder by Connor and colleagues, and highlights the future research priorities for this disorder.

This Primer by Connor and colleagues reviews the epidemiology of cannabis use, together with the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cannabis use disorder. This Primer also discusses cannabis policy and the risks associated with high-potency cannabis products.

This PrimeView highlights the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in DMD that prevent production of the muscle isoform of dystrophin.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked progressive, muscle-wasting disease that manifests in childhood as difficulties with movement. This Primer by Aartsma-Rus and colleagues discusses the clinical presentation, epidemiology, pathophysiology, genetic diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.

Penile cancer is a rare disease for which early diagnosis is crucial to avoid poor prognosis and outcomes. This PrimeView highlights the epidemiology, diagnosis, mechanisms and management of penile cancer and accompanies the Primer on this topic by Thomas and colleagues.

This Primer discusses the epidemiology of penile cancer and mechanisms underlying its development, including HPV infection. The authors explain contemporary and possible future diagnostic and management approaches in localized and advanced disease and highlight important considerations around the quality of life of affected patients.

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. This PrimeView describes epidemiology, diagnosis and management of the disease and highlights the mechanisms of its development.

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-associated death in men. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, mechanisms and diagnosis of prostate cancer, discusses treatment based on disease stage and effects on quality of life, and highlights ongoing and future research areas.

The incidence of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing worldwide. This PrimeView describes the epidemiology, mechanisms and diagnosis of HCC as well as highlights the major advancements in its management.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. This Primer summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathogenetic mechanisms and diagnosis of HCC and provides an update on key advancements in the management of this disease.

Small-cell lung cancer is a rapidly proliferating cancer with a poor prognosis, and is strongly associated with exposure to tobacco carcinogens. This PrimeView highlights the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of the disease.

Small-cell lung cancer is a rapidly proliferating cancer with a poor prognosis and is strongly associated with exposure to tobacco carcinogens. This Primer describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of the disease as well as the current management approaches and new therapies that might improve outcomes.

Tendinopathy describes a spectrum of changes that occur in a tendon, leading to pain and impaired function. This PrimeView accompanies the Primer article on Tendinopathy by Millar and colleagues and highlights its epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis, and management.

Tendinopathy is a multifaceted pathology of the tendon, characterized by pain and reduced function. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and the latest insights in the management of this disorder. Finally, the authors discuss the outstanding issues that will help achieve better outcomes in patients with tendinopathy.