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Comparative metabolomics and NanoSIMs reveal that the honey bee symbiont Snodgrassella alvi uses host-derived metabolites to colonize the gut, indicating adaptation to a specific metabolic niche in its host.
A diverse arsenal of fibre-like proteins extend outward from the B. bacteriovorus cell surface and localize towards prey cells, facilitating recognition and invasion.
The phage-encoded arbitrium communication system controls the activity of the host bacterial toxin–antitoxin system MazE–MazF to regulate lysis–lysogeny decision.
Three distinct families of gut bacteria encode an unprecedented number of respiratory-like reductases per genome to perform anaerobic respiration of biomedically relevant substrates.
Using proximity labelling and single-particle tracking super-resolution microscopy, this study illuminates the initial steps of type III secretion and the path of T3SS effectors before their translocation into target cells.
Computational analyses and molecular genetics reveal that integron cassettes integrate into bacterial genomes at widespread non-classical attG sites, enabling acquisition of genetic material and disruption of existing genes with potential consequences for bacterial evolution.
Opportunistic plant pathogen Xanthomonas secretes leaf-degrading enzymes through the type-2 secretion systems that cause disease and thereby trigger changes in leaf microbiome composition.
PRO-seq, which does not need antibodies or epitope tags on RNAP, is adapted to report nascent transcription in bacteria including human gut microbiome samples.
High-throughput growth assays show that cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signalling systems modulate Vibrio cholerae sensitivity to antifolates, and ultimately trigger cell lysis by these drugs.
Bacteroides fragilis toxin expression induces goblet cell and goblet-cell-associated passage development during the pre-weaning period in mice, enabling B. fragilis to access a privileged lamina propria niche and evade competition with gut lumen bacteria.
This work reveals a mechanism of cGAS- and STING-dependent type I IFN induction in response to biofilm-associated Candida albicans DNA packaged in extracellular vesicles.
Enterococcus strains harbour a plasmid-encoded defence against reuterin, a toxin produced by Limosilactobacillus reuteri, mediating a mutualistic metabolic interaction between these two gut microbiota members.
SMC proteins are key architects of chromosome organization across all domains of life, yet in their absence, A. pernix relies on transcription, anchored loops and self-interaction domains to maintain genome architecture.
Staphylococcus epidermidis IVK83, a nasal commensal, produces an extremely short-lived, broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide–polyene called epifadin, which eliminates Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo.
The Bacteroides fragilis ubiquitin homologue, BfUbb, mediates intraspecies competition and provides a competitive advantage for encoding strains in the gut.
The host transcription factor, Bach1, promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis by inhibiting protective glutathione metabolism and antioxidant responses that prevent ferroptosis.
Longitudinal population-based surveillance identifies shifts in HIV transmission patterns related to age and sex, suggesting that HIV programmes to increase HIV suppression in men are crucial to reduce incidence in women.