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Patients with kidney cancer who took probiotic supplements of Clostridium butyricum had improved response to immunotherapy, according to a randomized phase 1 study.
The developmental state of KMT2A-rearranged infant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) was identified by comparison of bulk and single-cell leukemia transcriptomes with those of a human fetal bone marrow reference. Unlike standard-risk childhood B-ALL, this aggressive leukemia was characterized by early lymphocyte precursor (ELP) differentiation. Moreover, in contrast to healthy ELPs, KMT2A-rearranged infant B-ALL cells had both myeloid and lymphoid features and expressed potentially targetable novel combinations of antigens.
In this Perspective, the authors discuss the new digital communications landscape in relation to vaccines and argue that trust is key to overcoming vaccine hesitancy.
This Review provides an overview of the psychology of misinformation, from susceptibility to spread and interventions to help boost psychological immunity.
A prospective meta-analysis supports the cardiovascular safety of the dual incretin receptor agonist tirzepatide, after promising clinical outcomes in the SURPASS-4 study.
Analyses of primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) samples from the largest cohort ever evaluated demonstrate that the hematopoietic stem cell populations that originate MDS have distinct differentiation phenotypes and associated signaling pathways. These differences can be targeted with selective therapies that could benefit patients with progressed disease.
New data confirm that the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose is crucial for the generation of neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron, while better therapeutic antibodies are needed for this and future variants.
Bone marrow transplantation causes peripheral cells to engraft the brain by an unclear mechanism. Microglia, the brain’s immune cells, lose their regenerative capacity when the bone marrow transplantation chemotherapy agent busulfan arrests their cell cycle. This causes a gradual decrease in microglial density, creating a niche for peripheral donor cells to engraft the brain and become resident macrophages.
The antibody landscape after H3N2 vaccination may be shaped largely by recent infections; further exploration of immune dynamics could inform influenza vaccination strategies.
Integrated analysis of microbiome and metabolome profiles in unique cohorts reveals early and late markers of the transition towards ischemic heart disease.
A first-in-class therapeutic that targets neuroactive microbial metabolites in the gut shows promising target engagement, safety and behavioral improvements in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.
Based on their experience of setting up genomic studies in underrepresented populations, the authors propose a roadmap to enhancing inclusion and ensuring that the health benefits of genomics advances are accessible to all.
Studies have demonstrated the value of genomic analysis for the diagnosis of rare diseases, but accessibility is still in its infancy; global data sharing is needed to further advance our knowledge of all causes of rare disease.
AI has the potential to reshape medicine and make healthcare more accurate, efficient and accessible; this Review discusses recent progress, opportunities and challenges toward achieving this goal.
AI may represent a new tool in the risk assessment and screening pathway of breast cancer. To realise its potential, the effect of AI-supported decisions on relevant clinical outcomes must be prospectively evaluated.
