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In a phase 2 trial, the oral type II RAF inhibitor tovorafenib exhibited an overall response rate of 67% in patients with BRAF-altered relapsed/refractory pediatric low-grade glioma.
Analysis of hematopoietic stem cells from six individuals with sickle cell disease who had been treated with autologous gene therapy revealed positive selective pressure on cells containing mutations in genes associated with clonal hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies.
Wireless sensing devices placed on the skin can capture a wide spectrum of acoustic and mechanical signals at several body locations simultaneously for monitoring of internal body processes such as cardiorespiratory function, gastrointestinal activity, swallowing and respiration.
In a phased prospective rollout, the implementation of AI as an additional reader for mammography screening improved the real-world early detection of breast cancer compared to standard double reading involving two independent radiologists.
In a post hoc analysis of the phase 2 PRADO trial, baseline emotional distress was associated with reduced clinical responses in patients with stage III melanoma treated with neoadjuvant ipilimumab and nivolumab.
Distinct signatures of the airway microbiota associate with acute respiratory distress syndrome, hospital-acquired pneumonia and prolonged mechanical ventilation, and may help to inform clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.
Modeling shows that antiretroviral treatment as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be highly effective in cisgender women at preventing HIV-1 acquisition, but underscores the need to understand the barriers that limit PrEP adherence in women.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing responses can persist for several years, even at low antigen levels, suggesting that an HIV-1 vaccine may be able to elicit a durable antibody response.
Understanding the heterogeneity of HIV infection, such as in persons with non-suppressible HIV-1 viremia despite adherence to antiretroviral treatment, is crucial to better tailor therapeutic interventions to abrogate HIV-1 persistence.
The heterobifunctional degrader KT-474 shows target engagement and is safe to use in healthy volunteers and in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa and patients with atopic dermatitis, and it exhibits preliminary efficacy in the improvement of skin lesions and symptoms in patients.
A risk score based on a 34-gene signature for outcome prediction in meningioma was developed and validated in large multi-institutional cohorts and showed better performance in discriminating postoperative menignioma outcomes compared with existing meningioma classification systems.
Analysis of HbA1c and FPG levels across 117 population-based studies demonstrates regional variation in prevalence of previously undiagnosed screen-detected diabetes using one or both measures and suggests that use of elevated FPG alone could underestimate diabetes prevalence in low- and middle-income countries.
Analysis of a European cohort estimated that 1–2 per 10,000 children, adolescents and young adults are expected to develop a hematological malignancy within 12 years following computed tomography examination.
A spinal cord neuroprosthesis targeting leg motor neurons in real time improves walking and reduces freezing of gait in non-human primate models and in one individual with advanced Parkinson’s disease.
A new framework for linking metagenomic data on the gut microbiome to human traits uncovers bacterial SNPs that associate with BMI in geographically independent cohorts.
The multicenter phase 3 trial of stem cell therapy for osteoarthritis (MILES) for knee pain revealed that cell therapies showed no significant difference in knee pain outcomes, compared to corticosteroid injections, 1 year following treatment.
Analysis of electronic health records of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use in pregnant women shows that the treatment is associated with a lower risk of pregnancy-related adverse outcomes, including maternal morbidity, premature birth and cesarean section.
Analysis of the phase 3 CheckMate 816 trial shows that the depth of pathologic response as assessed by percent residual viable tumor is correlated with event-free survival following neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy, supporting pathologic response as a biomarker of survival.
SteatoSITE is an open resource that integrates histopathologic assessments, transcriptomic data and longitudinal electronic health records for a cohort of 940 patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Thymic epithelial tumors are associated with increased risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced myotoxicities, and the presence of anti-acetylcholine-receptor antibodies has the potential to serve as a biomarker for ICI-induced myocarditis in patients with cancer.