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Complete vaccine-mediated immune control of highly pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis is possible if immune effector responses can intercept the infection at its earliest stages.
Peter Scacheri and colleagues report that the activity of enhancer elements in metastatic osteosarcoma is distinct from that in primary tumors and plays a functional role in metastatic progression of osteosarcoma.
Among many populations of blood cells, high dimensional analysis using mass cytometry reveals classical monocyte frequency as strong predictors of response to PD-1 blockade therapy of melanoma.
A luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone antagonist, used clinically for sex-steroid inhibition, promotes quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells and thereby promotes hematopoietic recovery and survival of lethally irradiated mice.
Pier Paolo Pandolfi and colleagues report that the genetic background of tumors in mice recruits specific immune-cell subsets, suggesting that precision medicine should account for both the tumor drivers and the distinct immune-cell microenvironments that they elicit.
A recurrent ECSIT mutation in individuals with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma induces NFκB in cancer cells, leading to macrophage activation, and associates with progression to fatal hemophagocytic syndrome. NFκB-targeting therapy produced stable remission in two patients.