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In this Perspective, the authors present a framework, context and guidelines for accelerating the translation of machine-learning-based interventions in health care.
The clinical translation of stem-cell-based therapeutic interventions has its own ethical and policy challenges requiring collaboration among wide-ranging stakeholders.
The TRANSNEURO Consortium shares valuable insights that may facilitate planning of human pluripotent stem-cell-derived dopamine cell transplants for future clinical trials on Parkinson’s disease.
Using the principles of community ecology in microbiome research will help to interpret these dynamic ecosystems and their relevance to health and disease.
The use and promotion of probiotics is widespread, but debatable in many cases. Prospective large-scale randomized studies that assess their effectiveness in promoting health and curing disease and take into account personalized responses of discrete human subpopulations will help clarify specific indications in which probiotics may be safe and beneficial.
A primer for deep-learning techniques for healthcare, centering on deep learning in computer vision, natural language processing, reinforcement learning, and generalized methods.
Disruption of the circadian clock has been linked to cancer and alterations in cancer metabolism and this has implications for therapeutic development.
A neoadjuvant approach using combined anti-CTLA4/anti-PD1 treatment prior to lymph node surgery is evaluated in two phase I trials of later stage melanoma finding this a therapeutic angle worth pursuing.
Anthony Letai proposes wider adoption of functional assays in efforts to match the right drug to the right patient and discusses why these assays might be complementary to existing genomics-based approaches.
In this Perspective, Michael Czech presents evidence for whether hyperinsulinemia occurs before insulin resistance upon overfeeding or high-fat diet feeding, or whether insulin resistance causes hyperinsulinemia, thus attempting to delineate the relationship between hyperinsulinemia, obesity and insulin resistance.
Rubin and colleagues discuss the origin and evolution of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors, and highlight potential new therapeutic strategies.
In this Perspective, June, Bluestone and Warshauer discuss potential cellular and molecular explanations for the autoimmunity often associated with immunotherapy, and propose additional research and changes to reporting practices to aid efforts to understand and minimize these toxic side effects.
Cancer-derived induced pluripotent stem cells provide a new opportunity to model the effects of the cancer genome. In this Perspective, Eirini Papapetrou discusses the future applications of these cells for cancer modeling and therapeutic understanding.
Recent studies have led to the identification of genetic loci that are shared between psychiatric disorders. Here O’Donovan and Owen argue that it is unlikely that risk alleles exist that are singular to any one such disorder.
The developmental trajectories of neuropsychiatric disorders suggest that early life events might contribute substantially to disease. Here the author discusses the potential to treat within these critical time windows of development to alter disease course.