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The asymmetric cortical gradient of PAR-1 is patterned via an integration of its cortical exclusion and stabilization by a circuit consisting of aPKC and the PRBH protein PAR-2.
During the biosynthesis of the lanthipeptide duramycin, DurN catalyzes stereospecific lysinoalanine formation by preorganizing the reactive conformation of the substrate, such that one of the substrate’s own residues serves as the catalytic base.
An electrophilic diazene probe (DiaAlk) enables capture and proteomic analysis of cysteine S-sulfinylation modifications, thus illuminating dynamic responses to oxidative stress and enabling the identification of new substrates of sulfiredoxin.
A comparative genomic approach identified a novel acetate-dependent tRNA-modifying enzyme that catalyzes RNA acetylation with a mechanism similar to tRNA aminoacylation. This modification maintains decoding fidelity in protein synthesis.
The large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase RNR-α downregulates DNA replication in the nucleus by directly disrupting PCNA and ZRANB3 interactions. RNR-α nuclear entry is regulated by an interplay between IRBIT and importin-α1.
Through use of a split-intein pIII, soluble expression phage-assisted continuous evolution (SE-PACE) enables two simultaneous positive selections to rapidly evolve proteins with improved expression while maintaining their desired activities.
O-GlcNAcylation of translation initiation factor component eIF4GI blocks interactions to poly(A)-binding protein Pab1 to induce disassembly of stress granules, releasing Hsp70-induced mRNAs and leading to translation of protective proteins
NMR and in vitro reconstitution indicate that GPCRs signal through SH3-containing proteins downstream of β-arrestin 1 proline regions and that arrestin allosterically activates downstream kinases by disrupting their autoinhibitory conformation.
Structural analysis of PRPP and ppGpp riboswitches reveals that they employ a helical element to create a tunnel for the ligand, whose specificity is determined by the conserved nucleotides forming the tunnel and long-distance contacts.
Structural analysis reveals how certain designed peptides adopt unusual spiraling cross-α amyloid-like structures and also rearrange to helical polymers upon mutation of small nonpolar residues that are critical for packing and stabilization.
A genetically encoded FRET-based optical sensor generated from a computational design approach can monitor hippocampal glycine levels in brain tissue to determine differences between spines and shafts and changes induced by high- and low-frequency stimulation.
A new riboswitch-based RNA sensor called Riboglow binds to quenched fluorescent probes to induce fluorescence turn-on. Riboglow enables tagging and tracking of mRNA and short noncoding RNAs with different colored fluorophores in live mammalian cells.
Plant-associated rhizosphere bacteria produce gramibactin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide siderophore that tightly binds iron via an unexpected functional group, the N-nitrosohydroxylamine (diazeniumdiolate) moieties of the amino acid graminine.
The development of a selective and potent monobody to WDR5, a component of the mixed linear leukemia methyltransferase complex, as genetically encoded inhibitor enables suppression of leukemogenesis and confers survival in a mouse leukemia model.
Histone H3 serine 10 is found to be the major chromatin acceptor residue for DNA damage–induced ADP-ribosylation and is blocked by specific acetylation sites on PARP1 and/or H3.
A photoswitchable probe to control Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels is useful in pancreatic β cells and can be employed to modulate beating rate in explanted hearts.
Primordazine inhibits poly(A)-tail-independent noncanonical translation (PAINT) in early zebrafish embryos and in mammalian cells under select conditions, an effect mediated by deadenylated 3ʹ UTRs that results in ablation of primordial germ cells.
Use of NMR to monitor MHC-I dynamics upon binding to the MHC-I chaperone TAPBPR explains the selection of optimal peptide sequences and release of the chaperone from the ternary peptide-MHC-I–TAPBPR complex.
Three homologous cytochrome P450s from monoterpene indole alkaloid-producing plants enable the identification of sarpagan bridge enzyme, which catalyzes either cyclization or aromatization to yield sarpagan or β-carboline alkaloids, respectively.
Engineered variants of cysteine dioxygenase containing a halogen-substituted tyrosine analog provide insights into the process of Cys–Tyr cross-link formation and indicate that the enzyme can catalyze oxidative cleavage of a carbon–fluorine bond.