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Moro et al. discover an Argonaute 2 (Ago2)-dependent miRNA network that, in response to substrate stiffness, regulates genes involved in tissue mechanics, and show that Ago2 restrains stiffness and contributes to regeneration in the zebrafish fin fold.
Kraft et al. show that chromosomal inversions that relocate a limb enhancer can establish asymmetric stripes of the enhancer with downstream genes, resulting in ectopic gene expression and limb phenotypes.
Romani et al. identify a response to reduced actomyosin contractility involving inhibition of Lipin-1, accumulation of SREBP transcription factors at the Golgi apparatus and activation of SREBP transcription driving increased lipid synthesis.
Nair et al. report the generation of human ESC-derived mature and functional β cells in vitro with a culture system including a step to induce clustering of immature β-like cells.
Guo et al. identify SETDB1 and KDM4B as the methyltransferase and demethylase, respectively, for AKT. AKT methylation promotes its kinase activity and the subsequent tumorigenesis.
Wang et al. show that Akt methylation by SETDB1 is
recognized by demethylase JMJD2A, which then recruits E3 ligases to
induce K63-linked Akt ubiquitination, leading to Akt activation and
tumorigenesis.
Zhang et al. show that ALK phosphorylates SMAD4 at Tyr 95 to block its binding to DNA, representing a mutation-independent mechanism for blocking the tumour suppressor function of TGF-β in ALK-positive cancers.
Carlson et al. show that DTCs within the PVN are protected from chemotherapy; targeting interactions between DTCs and the PVN enhances chemosensitivity and prevents bone metastasis.
Performing a small-molecule screen, Liu et al. identify IRAK as a regulator of PIDDosome activity and tumour radioresistance, and demonstrate a synergistic effect of targeting IRAK1 and PIN1 in response to ionizing radiation.
By using multicolour single-molecule live imaging, Moon et al. show that the dynamics of the interaction between mRNAs and ribonucleoprotein granules are affected by translational status, mRNA length and granule size.
Li et al. show that the epithelial–mesenchymal-transition transcription factor Snail induces claudin-11 expression and suppresses RhoA activity, thereby promoting collective migration and tumour progression in head and neck cancer.