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Cpf1 is one of a growing number of class II CRISPR-Cas effectors that expand both our understanding of bacterial immunity and our genome-editing toolset.
Here's hoping that a proposed shakeup of US regulations will mean that new biotech products avoid AquaAdvantage salmon's two-decade upstream struggle to regulatory approval.
Use of sophisticated reductionist and whole-system approaches are providing much-needed technologies to unravel the complex mélange of microbiome functions.