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2D materials hold promise in applications ranging from electronic devices to catalysis, and from information storage to medicine. But how close are we to commercialized products?
The commercialization of graphene-based products is challenging, because many engineering and economical aspects have to be taken into consideration. A stronger collaboration between academia and industry would be beneficial for accelerating the process.
Adoption of graphene and other 2D crystals in biomedicine is challenging — some guidelines to facilitate this process and avoid inflated expectations should be considered.
Nanomedicine may have a delivery problem. Rigorous, realistic and holistic rethinking is needed to improve nanomedicine performance and increase patient benefit in cancer therapy.
Organic photovoltaics are on the verge of revolutionizing building-integrated photovoltaics. However, for other applications, several basic open scientific questions need answering to, in particular, further improve energy-conversion efficiency and lifetime.