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| Open AccessGenetic variants of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in kidney stone disease
Kidney stones form in the presence of overabundance of crystal-forming substances such as Ca2+ and oxalate. Here, the authors report genome-wide association analyses for kidney stone disease, report seven previously unknown loci and find that some of these loci also associate with Ca2+ concentration and excretion.
- Sarah A. Howles
- , Akira Wiberg
- & Dominic Furniss
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Article
| Open AccessA non-classical view on calcium oxalate precipitation and the role of citrate
The formation mechanism of abundant calcium oxalate biomaterials is unresolved. Here the authors show the early stages of calcium oxalate formation in pure and citrate-bearing solutions by using a titration set-up in conjunction with solution quenching, transmission electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation.
- Encarnación Ruiz-Agudo
- , Alejandro Burgos-Cara
- & Carlos Rodriguez-Navarro