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| Open AccessHigh-density, highly sensitive sensor array of spiky carbon nanospheres for strain field mapping
Accurate mapping of strain distribution calls for strain sensor arrays with high sensitivity, high sensing density and inter-unit consistency. Here, the authors report an array made from ordered assembly of monodispersed spiky carbon nanospheres to achieve the above features simultaneously.
- Shuxing Mei
- , Haokun Yi
- & Limin Wu
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Article
| Open AccessGiant dielectric tunability in ferroelectric ceramics with ultralow loss by ion substitution design
The authors realize composite optimization in dielectric tunable materials by simultaneously achieving low electric field, large tunability, and low loss through ion substitution design in ferroelectric tunable materials.
- Ruitao Li
- , Diming Xu
- & Di Zhou
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Article
| Open AccessCoordination cages integrated into swelling poly(ionic liquid)s for guest encapsulation and separation
The efficient encapsulation of guests by coordination cages in the solid state is prevented by their flexibility, dynamicity, and metal-ligand bond reversibility. Here, the authors report coordination cages integrated into poly(ionic liquid)s to control swelling and mechanical properties of the gels and develop efficient and regenerable supramolecular separation materials.
- Xiang Zhang
- , Dawei Zhang
- & Mingyuan He
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Article
| Open AccessMagnetic steering continuum robot for transluminal procedures with programmable shape and functionalities
Interaction with surrounding lumina leads to potential medical risks in transluminal procedures. Here, the authors report a magnetic steering continuum robot that achieve autonomous shaping without the need for environmental interaction.
- Liyang Mao
- , Peng Yang
- & Hui Xie
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Article
| Open AccessThe role of memory-dependent friction and solvent viscosity in isomerization kinetics in viscogenic media
Molecular isomerization in solution is dependent on coupling of solute and solvent via memory-dependent friction. Here, by applying memory kernel extraction to molecular dynamics simulations, the authors demonstrate the role of friction in determining isomerization kinetics.
- Benjamin A. Dalton
- , Henrik Kiefer
- & Roland R. Netz
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Article
| Open AccessOzone as an environmental driver of influenza
Temperature and absolute humidity are associated with influenza activity, and recent data from Hong Kong have suggested ozone as an additional environmental driver. Here, the authors investigate the relationship between ozone and influenza transmission using surveillance data from the USA and find evidence for an inhibitory effect.
- Fang Guo
- , Pei Zhang
- & Linwei Tian
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Article
| Open AccessControlling the broadband enhanced light chirality with L-shaped dielectric metamaterials
L-shaped silicon metamaterials are realized exhibiting broadband and enhanced chirality. The current work sets new benchmarks in the assembly of ultrathin dielectric chiral metamaterials that can efficiently control chiral light-matter interactions.
- Ufuk Kilic
- , Matthew Hilfiker
- & Christos Argyropoulos
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Article
| Open AccessSymmetry breaking in optimal transport networks
Finding an optimal shape for transport networks, represented as multilayer structures, is a challenging problem. The authors propose analytical and computational frameworks to analyze sharp transitions from symmetric to asymmetric shapes in optimal networks, that can be applied for planning and development of improved multimodal transportation systems within a city.
- Siddharth Patwardhan
- , Marc Barthelemy
- & Filippo Radicchi
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Article
| Open AccessFacilitating the dry reforming of methane with interfacial synergistic catalysis in an Ir@CeO2−x catalyst
Dry reforming of methane is an attractive route to convert greenhouse gases into valuable syngas. Here, the authors demonstrate design strategy to prepare efficient catalysts towards activation of both C–H and C = O bonds and provide atomic-level insights into interfacial synergistic catalysis.
- Hui Wang
- , Guoqing Cui
- & Min Wei
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Article
| Open AccessEffects of emissions caps on the costs and feasibility of low-carbon hydrogen in the European ammonia industry
Decarbonizing the European ammonia industry: Less stringent emissions caps for electrolytic hydrogen production can significantly reduce costs and land use while still achieving more than 90% reduction in emissions relative to fossil-based hydrogen.
- Stefano Mingolla
- , Paolo Gabrielli
- & Zhongming Lu
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Article
| Open AccessA statistical resolution measure of fluorescence microscopy with finite photons
Abbe’s diffraction limit has been a defining concept for microscopy. With finite photon, photon noise remains one essential factor yet to be considered in the theoretical resolution limit. Here, the authors introduced information-based resolution limit allowing for photon-considered resolution assessment of various microscopy and super-resolution modalities.
- Yilun Li
- & Fang Huang
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Article
| Open AccessColor morphing surfaces with effective chemical shielding
Photochromic materials suffer from degradation when exposed to harsh chemical environments, but this can be overcome by providing chemical shielding via superomniphobicity. Here, the authors show the design rationale and careful materials selection for fabrication of color morphing surfaces that can simultaneously display excellent chemical resistance.
- Adil Majeed Rather
- , Sravanthi Vallabhuneni
- & Arun Kumar Kota
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Article
| Open AccessPolymer hetero-electrolyte enabled solid-state 2.4-V Zn/Li hybrid batteries
Zn batteries suffer from low voltage due to the high redox potential of the Zn anode and the low potential of traditional cathodes. Here, the authors develop a polymer hetero-electrolyte, which allows separated Zn and Li reversibility and achieves a 2.4 V-Zn battery based on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode.
- Ze Chen
- , Tairan Wang
- & Chunyi Zhi
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Article
| Open AccessBose-Einstein condensation of non-ground-state caesium atoms
Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of ultracold atoms serve as low-entropy sources for a multitude of quantum-science applications. Here, the authors realize a non-ground-state caesium BEC with tunable interactions and tunable loss, opening up new possibilities for polaron and impurity physics.
- Milena Horvath
- , Sudipta Dhar
- & Hanns-Christoph Nägerl
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Article
| Open AccessObservation of dichotomic field-tunable electronic structure in twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene
The phase diagram of twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene depends on the electric field direction, exhibiting phases similar to twisted bilayer and double-bilayer graphene. Here the authors study the field dependent electronic structure, in particular flat bands, using nano-ARPES and explain the field-tunability.
- Hongyun Zhang
- , Qian Li
- & Shuyun Zhou
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Article
| Open AccessCell-penetrating protein-recognizing polymeric nanoparticles through dynamic covalent chemistry and double imprinting
Molecular recognition of proteins is essential for achieving their biological functions but it is challenging to prepare selective protein-binding materials. Here the authors report a method that combines dynamic covalent chemistry and double molecular imprinting to construct protein-recognizing nanoparticles capable of specific inhibition of protein–protein interactions.
- Avijit Ghosh
- , Mansi Sharma
- & Yan Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessRecent collisional history of (65803) Didymos
The fast-spinning primary of the Didymos near-earth asteroid binary system was found to have a degraded top shape by the DART (NASA) mission. Here, authors find that these surface features observed in the asteroid are more likely to have been caused by collisional effects than by the YORP effect.
- Adriano Campo Bagatin
- , Aldo Dell’Oro
- & Jean-Baptiste Vincent
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Article
| Open AccessWeyl spin-momentum locking in a chiral topological semimetal
Spin-momentum locking is a fundamental property of condensed matter systems. Here, the authors evidence parallel Weyl spin-momentum locking of multifold fermions in the chiral topological semimetal PtGa.
- Jonas A. Krieger
- , Samuel Stolz
- & Niels B. M. Schröter
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Article
| Open AccessCreep-type all-solid-state cathode achieving long life
Electrochemical-mechanical issues bring challenges but create new opportunities to design innovative all-solid-state batteries. Here, the authors propose to use the (de)lithiation-stress-creep synergistic time-dependent evolution to boost the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state batteries.
- Xiaolin Xiong
- , Ting Lin
- & Liumin Suo
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Article
| Open AccessArbitrary engineering of spatial caustics with 3D-printed metasurfaces
Caustics, as a unique type of singularity in wave phenomena, occur in diverse physical systems. Here, the authors realize multi-dimensional customization of caustics with 3D-printed metasurfaces. This arbitrary caustic engineering is poised to bring new revolutions to many domains.
- Xiaoyan Zhou
- , Hongtao Wang
- & Cheng-Wei Qiu
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Article
| Open AccessDinuclear gold-catalyzed divergent dechlorinative radical borylation of gem-dichloroalkanes
The widespread use of organoboronic acids has prompted the development of synthetic methodologies to meet the demands on structural diversity and functional group tolerance. Herein, the authors disclose a divergent radical dechloroborylation reaction enabled by dinuclear gold catalysis with visible light irradiation.
- Cheng-Long Ji
- , Hongliang Chen
- & Jin Xie
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Article
| Open AccessMulti-site integrated optical addressing of trapped ions
A promising strategy for scaling trapped-ion-based quantum technologies is to use fully integrated optical waveguides to deliver light to numerous ions at multiple sites. Here, the authors. optically address three ions using on-chip waveguides to deliver three distinct wavelengths per ion, and perform Rabi flopping on each ion simultaneously.
- Joonhyuk Kwon
- , William J. Setzer
- & Hayden J. McGuinness
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Article
| Open AccessDelayed room temperature phosphorescence enabled by phosphines
Room-temperature phosphorescence usually occurs immediately after the removal of excitation. Here the authors achieve combined instant and delayed phosphorescence through introduction of phosphines into carbazole emitters.
- Guang Lu
- , Jing Tan
- & Hui Xu
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Article
| Open AccessStereospecific syn-dihalogenations and regiodivergent syn-interhalogenation of alkenes via vicinal double electrophilic activation strategy
Restricted reaction mechanism of anti-dihalogenation of alkenes makes it challenging to alter the diastereochemical course into the complementary syn-dihalogenation process. Here, the authors report a conceptually distinctive strategy for the simultaneous double electrophilic activation of the two alkene carbons from the same side to realize syn-dihalogenation.
- Hyeon Moon
- , Jungi Jung
- & Won-jin Chung
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Article
| Open AccessUniversal scaling law for chiral antiferromagnetism
Chiral antiferromagnets, such as Mn3Pt, host a variety of transport phenomena arising due to the chiral arrangement of the spins. Herein, the authors find two contributions to the anomalous hall effect in Mn3Pt, and through comparison with other chiral antiferromagnets develop a universal scaling law for the anomalous hall effect in chiral antiferromagnets.
- Shijie Xu
- , Bingqian Dai
- & Weisheng Zhao
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Article
| Open AccessSelective production of methylindan and tetralin with xylose or hemicellulose
Indan and tetralin are used as fuel additives and intermediates in the manufacture of many products, including thermal-stable jet fuel. Here the authors report a route for the synthesis of methylindan and tetralin by the hydrogenolysis of xylose or hemicellulose over a non-noble metal catalyst, followed by further reaction over zeolite H-ZSM-5. Reviewer recognition:
- Zhufan Zou
- , Zhenjie Yu
- & Ning Li
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Article
| Open AccessTransition role of entangled data in quantum machine learning
Given that entangled states can store more information than unentangled ones, it would be natural to assume that highly-entangled data would always enhance capabilities of quantum machine learning models. Here, the authors show that this is not the case, in particular when the allowed number of measurements to incoherently learn quantum dynamics is low
- Xinbiao Wang
- , Yuxuan Du
- & Dacheng Tao
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Article
| Open AccessAnomalous dynamics of a passive droplet in active turbulence
The fluctuating dynamics of a passive object suspended in an active fluid can provide fundamental insight into the fundamental non-equilibrium behavior of the fluid. Singh and Chaudhuri theoretically investigate the dynamics of a passive deformable droplet in active nematic turbulence and show how the motion of the droplet is influenced by the interplay of spatial correlations of the flow and the size of the droplet.
- Chamkor Singh
- & Abhishek Chaudhuri
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Article
| Open AccessThe environmental sustainability of digital content consumption
The average Internet user spends over 40% of their waking hours online, yet the environmental footprint remains poorly understood. This study suggests that digital content consumption could exacerbate the pressure on the finite Earth’s carrying capacity.
- Robert Istrate
- , Victor Tulus
- & Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez
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Article
| Open AccessA sparse quantized hopfield network for online-continual memory
Brains and neuromorphic systems learn with local learning rules in online-continual learning scenarios. Designing neural networks that learn effectively under these conditions is challenging. The authors introduce a neural network that implements an effective, principled approach to local, online-continual learning on associative memory tasks.
- Nicholas Alonso
- & Jeffrey L. Krichmar
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Article
| Open AccessSurpassing millisecond coherence in on chip superconducting quantum memories by optimizing materials and circuit design
Understanding loss mechanisms in superconducting circuits is crucial for improving qubit coherence. Here the authors use a multimode resonator to study loss mechanisms in thin-film superconducting circuits and demonstrate on-chip quantum memories with lifetimes exceeding 1ms, using Ta thin-films and high-temperature substrate annealing
- Suhas Ganjam
- , Yanhao Wang
- & Robert J. Schoelkopf
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Article
| Open AccessWaveguide-integrated twisted bilayer graphene photodetectors
Silicon-integrated graphene photodetectors exhibit promising bandwidths at telecom wavelengths, but their responsivity is usually limited. Here, the authors report the wafer-scale fabrication of waveguide-integrated detectors based on twisted bilayer graphene, showing responsivities up to 0.65 A/W and 3-dB bandwidths >65 GHz.
- Qinci Wu
- , Jun Qian
- & Hailin Peng
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Article
| Open AccessDiastereo-divergent synthesis of chiral hindered ethers via a synergistic calcium(II)/gold(I) catalyzed cascade hydration/1,4-addition reaction
Developing an efficient method for the stereocontrolled synthesis of all stereoisomers of chiral hindered ethers is highly desirable but challenging. Here, the authors report an asymmetric cascade reaction catalyzed by a bimetallic catalytic system with control over the configuration of the stereocenters of tetra-aryl substituted ethers.
- Xiangfeng Lin
- , Xia Mu
- & Can Li
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Article
| Open AccessA human-machine interface for automatic exploration of chemical reaction networks
Automated reaction exploration is the key to systematic elucidation of chemical mechanisms. Here, the authors introduce a generally applicable algorithm to steer an automated exploration towards region of interest in chemical reaction space.
- Miguel Steiner
- & Markus Reiher
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Article
| Open AccessTunneling current-controlled spin states in few-layer van der Waals magnets
Magnetic tunnel junctions consist of two magnetic layers, separated by a thin insulator. The simplicity belies the industrial importance: magnetic tunnel junctions have a very wide variety of applications in contemporary society. Here, Fu et al present a magnetic tunnel junction composed of single van der Waals magnetic insulator, CrI3, exhibiting remarkably low power consumption.
- ZhuangEn Fu
- , Piumi I. Samarawickrama
- & Jifa Tian
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Article
| Open AccessOptofluidic crystallithography for directed growth of single-crystalline halide perovskites
Precise and spatio-temporal control of crystallization kinetics is important but challenging. Here, the authors propose an optical strategy called optofluidic crystallithography to steer the growth of single-crystalline halide perovskites.
- Xue-Guang Chen
- , Linhan Lin
- & Hong-Bo Sun
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Article
| Open AccessAn artificial visual neuron with multiplexed rate and time-to-first-spike coding
Multiplexed spiking data coding schemes could enable artificial visual neurons to emulate the human visual system in a more biologically plausible way. Here, Li et al. present an artificial neuron device capable of encoding visual analog signals into spike trains using multiplexed rate and temporal fusion coding. Reviewer recognition:
- Fanfan Li
- , Dingwei Li
- & Bowen Zhu
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Article
| Open AccessBoosting organic phosphorescence in adaptive host-guest materials by hyperconjugation
Room-temperature phosphorescence is usually inefficient in purely organic material. Here, the authors achieve near-unity phosphorescence efficiency with color tunability in adaptive host-guest materials through use of hyperconjugation.
- Huili Ma
- , Lishun Fu
- & Wei Huang
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Article
| Open AccessThe role of charge in microdroplet redox chemistry
Redox reactions exhibit different thermodynamics and kinetics in water microdroplets compared to the bulk. Here, the authors use reactive molecular dynamics to show the importance of charged reactive species in explaining reactivity under confinement.
- Joseph P. Heindel
- , R. Allen LaCour
- & Teresa Head-Gordon
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Article
| Open AccessSwitchable chemoselective aryne reactions between nucleophiles and pericyclic reaction partners using either 3-methoxybenzyne or 3-silylbenzyne
Due to the electrophilic nature of arynes, it is very challenging to control chemoselectivity, when substrates possess multiple competing reaction sites. Here, the authors demonstrate that chemoselective control between two major types of benzyne transformation is accomplished by varying the 3-substituent on aryne intermediate.
- Hongcheng Tan
- , Shuxin Yu
- & Yang Li
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Article
| Open AccessBiocomposite thermoplastic polyurethanes containing evolved bacterial spores as living fillers to facilitate polymer disintegration
Plastic pollution severely threatens the resilience of nature. Here, the authors utilize the spore-forming, polymer-degrading bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, as a living filler to develop biocomposite thermoplastic polyurethane with improved mechanical properties and biodegradation.
- Han Sol Kim
- , Myung Hyun Noh
- & Jonathan K. Pokorski
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Article
| Open AccessIsostructural doping for organic persistent mechanoluminescence
Organic mechanoluminescent materials have potential in a range of applications, but it can be challenging to achieve long-lived emission. Here, the authors report isostructural doping as a strategy to achieve multicolour and high efficiency organic mechanoluminescence, applied in stress sensing.
- Zongliang Xie
- , Yufeng Xue
- & Bin Liu
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Article
| Open AccessCharge density waves tuned by biaxial tensile stress
Previous studies of the effects of strain on charge density waves have mostly focused on uniaxial strain. Here the authors use a biaxial-strain device to demonstrate switching of the charge density wave orientation, as well as a strong linear increase of the transition temperature while the gap seems to saturate.
- A. Gallo–Frantz
- , V. L. R. Jacques
- & D. Le Bolloc’h
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Article
| Open AccessTraining an Ising machine with equilibrium propagation
Ising machines have been usually applied to predefined combinatorial problems due to their distinct physical properties. The authors introduce an approach that utilizes equilibrium propagation for the training of Ising machines and achieves high accuracy performance on classification tasks.
- Jérémie Laydevant
- , Danijela Marković
- & Julie Grollier
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Article
| Open AccessNoncovalent synthesis of homo and hetero-architectures of supramolecular polymers via secondary nucleation
Synthesis of supramolecular polymers with controlled architecture is desirable but challenging. Here, the authors use a secondary nucleation event to prepare a range of supramolecular polymer architectures.
- Srinu Kotha
- , Rahul Sahu
- & Kotagiri Venkata Rao
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Matters Arising
| Open AccessOn the statistical foundation of a recent single molecule FRET benchmark
- Ayush Saurabh
- , Lance W. Q. Xu
- & Steve Pressé
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Article
| Open AccessSolving conformal defects in 3D conformal field theory using fuzzy sphere regularization
The study of defects and boundaries in the context of conformal field theory is important but challenging in dimensions higher than two. Here the authors use the recently developed fuzzy sphere regularization approach to perform non-perturbative analysis of defect conformal field theory in 3D
- Liangdong Hu
- , Yin-Chen He
- & W. Zhu
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Article
| Open AccessIn situ enzymatic control of colloidal phoresis and catalysis through hydrolysis of ATP
The design of synthetic systems that can sense chemical gradients and respond with directional motility and chemical activity is of interest. Here, the authors realize and control such behaviors in a synthetic system by tailoring multivalent interactions of adenosine nucleotides with catalytic microbeads.
- Ekta Shandilya
- , Bhargav Rallabandi
- & Subhabrata Maiti
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Article
| Open AccessPhotonic time-crystalline behaviour mediated by phonon squeezing in Ta2NiSe5
Photonic time crystal refers to a material whose dielectric properties oscillate in time. Here the authors theoretically show such behaviour in the excitonic insulator candidate Ta2NiSe5 under optical excitation and use it to explain the enhanced THz reflectivity recently observed in pump-probe experiments
- Marios H. Michael
- , Sheikh Rubaiat Ul Haque
- & Eugene Demler