Multiple sclerosis articles within Nature Reviews Neurology

Featured

  • Review Article |

    The approval of therapies for progressive multiple sclerosis has heightened the need for thorough assessment of disease progression and treatment response. This Review provides a comprehensive summary of available and emerging techniques, including advanced imaging, fluid biomarkers and patient-reported outcomes, highlighting their combined use for the accurate assessment of disease.

    • Giancarlo Comi
    • , Gloria Dalla Costa
    •  & Letizia Leocani

  • Expert Recommendation |

    Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease that is distinct from multiple sclerosis but shares some of its characteristics. This Expert Recommendation, based on a Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS workshop, proposes a diagnostic algorithm for the differential diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease and multiple sclerosis, using serological, imaging and clinical features.

    • Ruth Geraldes
    • , Georgina Arrambide
    •  & Jacqueline Palace

  • News & Views |

    Immunological profiling has revealed biological signatures of multiple sclerosis (MS) that could help with early, accurate diagnosis of the disease and with identifying disease subtypes that could inform treatment decisions. The findings are important steps along the path towards precision medicine for people with MS.

    • Jiwon Oh
    •  & Amit Bar-Or

  • Research Highlight |

    Findings of phase III trials of the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor evobrutinib in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis were recently presented at the ACTRIMS Forum.

    • Heather Wood

  • Research Highlight |

    New data recently reported at the ACTRIMS Forum add to growing evidence of an aetiological role for Epstein–Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis.

    • Heather Wood

  • Review Article |

    Increasing evidence suggests that inflammasome activation contributes to disease progression in a wide variety of neurological conditions. In this Review, Ravichandran and Heneka discuss current understanding of inflammasome activation in neurological disorders and consider interventional strategies that target inflammasome activation.

    • Kishore Aravind Ravichandran
    •  & Michael T. Heneka

  • News & Views |

    A new study indicates that African American people with multiple sclerosis have higher markers of humoral disease pathology than white people with multiple sclerosis. However, apparent differences in pathophysiology between ethnic groups cannot be fully interpreted without more comprehensive studies that examine the effects of social inequality on disease.

    • Christopher M. Orlando
    •  & Lilyana Amezcua

  • News & Views |

    Two studies have confirmed previous observations that an inverse relationship exists between chronological age and focal white-matter inflammatory activity in individuals with multiple sclerosis, which could underlie the relative ineffectiveness of traditional disease-modifying therapies in older individuals.

    • Benjamin M. Segal

  • News & Views |

    The European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) and European Academy of Neurology (EAN) joint consensus statement on vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis provides highly relevant clinical guidance on immunization strategies in today’s era of effective immunotherapies. Nevertheless, several open questions remain to be addressed.

    • Uwe K. Zettl
    •  & Paulus S. Rommer

  • Review Article |

    Smouldering inflammation encompasses all non-relapsing aspects of inflammatory pathobiology in multiple sclerosis. Here, Bittner and colleagues describe the mechanisms that underlie CNS-compartmentalized smouldering inflammation and review evidence indicating that immunometabolic reprogramming driven by the CNS tissue microenvironment shapes these inflammatory responses. Potential treatments are also discussed.

    • Stefan Bittner
    • , Katrin Pape
    •  & Frauke Zipp

  • Review Article |

    Growing evidence indicates a central role for meningeal inflammation in driving multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. In this Review, the authors summarize current knowledge regarding structural, cellular and molecular changes to the meninges in MS and discuss the clinical and therapeutic implications.

    • Roberta Magliozzi
    • , Owain W. Howell
    •  & Richard Reynolds

  • Review Article |

    Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors are an emerging treatment for multiple sclerosis. Krämer et al. consider the evidence that central nervous system-penetrant Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors might target both peripheral immune cells and compartmentalized inflammation and discuss promising preliminary results of clinical trials of these agents in multiple sclerosis.

    • Julia Krämer
    • , Amit Bar-Or
    •  & Heinz Wiendl

  • News & Views |

    The results of the first randomized, placebo-controlled trial of dimethyl fumarate in a cohort of participants with radiologically isolated syndrome showed efficacy against the risk of a first clinical demyelinating event. The findings pave the way for preventive medicine in multiple sclerosis and highlight the need for more precise prognostication of risk.

    • Maria Pia Amato
    •  & Emilio Portaccio

  • Review Article |

    In this Review, the authors provide an overview of evidence that activity-regulated myelination is required for brain adaptation and learning, and discuss how dysregulation of activity-dependent myelination contributes to neurological disease and could be a new therapeutic target.

    • Juliet K. Knowles
    • , Ankita Batra
    •  & Michelle Monje

  • Review Article |

    Here, the authors discuss the potential effects of social determinants of health on multiple sclerosis risk and outcomes. They suggest that addressing these determinants of health could substantially improve the lives of individuals with multiple sclerosis and call for more research.

    • Ruth Dobson
    • , Dylan R. Rice
    •  & Helen L. Ford

  • News & Views |

    Currently, the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody ocrelizumab is the only approved treatment for primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). However, a new study suggests that other immunomodulatory disease-modifying therapies that are often used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis could be effective in people with PPMS who have evidence of active inflammatory disease.

    • Thomas Williams
    •  & Jeremy Chataway

  • Perspective |

    In this Perspective article, the authors outline how studying multiple sclerosis (MS) genetics in ancestrally diverse populations is likely to yield insights that could benefit individuals with MS from all ancestral groups.

    • Benjamin Meir Jacobs
    • , Michelle Peter
    •  & Ruth Dobson

  • Review Article |

    In this Review, the authors provide detailed insight into how the gut microbiota influences the immune system, with implications for neuroinflammation, and discuss the accumulating evidence that the gut microbiota is an important factor in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and a potential therapeutic target.

    • Jorge Correale
    • , Reinhard Hohlfeld
    •  & Sergio E. Baranzini

  • News & Views |

    Cognitive rehabilitation is a promising approach to limit the effect of cognitive impairment on patients with multiple sclerosis, although results so far are conflicting. A new study indicates that structural and functional MRI techniques could provide reliable measures to predict treatment responses and tailor the rehabilitative approach to each patient.

    • Massimo Filippi
    •  & Paolo Preziosa

  • Roadmap |

    In this Roadmap, Marrie and colleagues set out the steps needed to improve our understanding of the multiple sclerosis (MS) prodrome and develop standardized criteria for identifying individuals with prodromal MS, thereby facilitating trials of interventions that could slow progression to classical MS.

    • Ruth Ann Marrie
    • , Mark Allegretta
    •  & Helen Tremlett

  • Comment |

    Neurological diseases cause a massive burden, which will increase as populations age. Rapid advances in our understanding of disease mechanisms must be translated into human benefits. We cannot stop once technologies have been developed, but must ensure that evidence and pipelines are in place for their implementation to reduce burden and inequalities.

    • Anthony G. Marson

  • Review Article |

    In this Review, Oh and Bar-Or provide an overview of selected emerging therapies for multiple sclerosis with the potential to limit non-relapsing, progressive disease injury and to promote tissue repair, thereby addressing crucial unmet therapeutic needs.

    • Jiwon Oh
    •  & Amit Bar-Or

  • Review Article |

    In this Review, the authors discuss how various immunotherapies for neuroimmunological diseases interact with vaccination responses, including responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, and the implications for the safe and effective use of vaccines in patients with these diseases.

    • Alexander Winkelmann
    • , Micha Loebermann
    •  & Uwe K. Zettl

  • Review Article |

    In this Review, the authors discuss the involvement of astrocytes and microglia in the pathophysiology of progressive multiple sclerosis and consider current and future therapeutic approaches that directly target glial cells.

    • Luke M. Healy
    • , Jo Anne Stratton
    •  & Jack Antel

Browse broader subjects

Browse Multiple sclerosis across other nature.com journals