Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
The determination of the first three-dimensional structure of a protein 50 years ago initiated the field of protein folding research. Technological and experimental advances, which were sometimes met with initial scepticism, have led to our present understanding of protein folding.
The idea that processes can be self-organized and self-reproducing is more than 100 years old. But self-organization principles that were first developed in chemistry and physics are only now beginning to be applied to cellular and subcellular morphogenesis.