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Highly sensitive avalanche photodiodes that operate at near-infrared wavelengths of up to 2 μm could prove useful for eye-safe light imaging, detection and ranging, and other applications.
The first operation of the European X-ray free-electron laser facility accelerator based on superconducting technology is reported. The maximum electron energy is 17.5 GeV. A laser average power of 6 W is achieved at a photon energy of 9.3 keV.
Carefully designed hollow-core antiresonant fibres support a pair of orthogonal polarization modes with a level of purity and cross-coupling that is orders of magnitude lower than other fibre designs and beyond the fundamental Rayleigh scattering limit of glass core fibres.
The use of a photonic integrated circuit to both hold a biological sample and generate the necessary light patterns for structured illumination microscopy promises convenient super-resolution imaging.
Combining the advantages of ultrasound and light for fluorescence imaging, an imaging technique termed fluorescence and ultrasound-modulated light correlation, or FLUX, that leverages the dynamic nature of the medium is reported to uniquely resolve fluorophore distribution even when the speckles decorrelate fast.
A metasurface laser generates orbital angular momentum states with quantum numbers reaching ℓ = 100. Simultaneous output vortex beams, with Δℓ as great as 90, are demonstrated in the visible regime.
By harnessing the excitonic resonances of a monolayer of WS2 in the visible spectral range, large-area, actively tunable and atomically thin optical lenses can be realized.
Nanophotonic microwave synthesizers in the X-band (10 GHz, for radar) and K-band (20 GHz, for 5G), based on integrated soliton microcombs driven by a low-noise fibre laser, link the fields of microwave photonics and integrated microcombs.
Robust terahertz wave transport is demonstrated on a silicon chip using the valley Hall topological phase. Error-free communication is achieved at a data rate of 11 Gbit s−1, enabling real-time transmission of uncompressed 4K high-definition video.
Transscleral optical phase imaging, which is based on transscleral flood illumination of the retina, is demonstrated to provide cellular-resolution, label-free, high-contrast images of the retinal layers over a large field of view without the drawback of a long exposure time.
Continuous-wave lasing in strained GeSn alloys is reported at temperatures of up to 100 K. The approach offers a route towards a group-IV-on-silicon laser.
Knowledge about detection latency provides a guideline to reduce the timing jitter of niobium nitride superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. A timing jitter of 2.6 ps at visible wavelength and 4.3 ps at 1,550 nm is achieved.
Strong electrorefractive effects in semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) at near-infrared wavelengths, where the TMDs are transparent, are observed and used to demonstrate photonic devices based on a composite SiN–TMD platform with large phase modulation, minimal induced loss and low electrical power consumption.
Vertical integration of a metalens to realize compound nanophotonic systems for optical analog image processing is realized, significantly reducing the size and complexity of conventional optical systems.
The photoluminescence spectrum of WS2 is modified under strain applied by an atomic force microscope probe. The free carrier redistribution yields conversion of excitons to trions with conversion efficiency approaching 100%.
Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entangled beams are sent to a 2.5-m-long cavity mimicking the signal recycling cavity of a gravitational-wave detector. By controlling the wavelength detuning, frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum states were generated.
A single-molecule attosecond interferometry that can retrieve the spectral phase information associated with the structure of molecular orbitals, as well as the phase accumulated by an electron as it tunnels out, is demonstrated.
A low-cost high-throughput photoacoustic imaging based on an ergodic relay coupled with a single-element ultrasonic transducer that can capture a wide-field image with only a single laser shot is demonstrated.