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Combined culture-dependent and culture-independent metagenomic sequencing methods reveal the pervasive and long-lasting presence of antimicrobial resistance genes within a tertiary hospital environment.
Therapeutic interventions in colorectal cancer are dependent on immune responses to dying epithelial cells that are modulated by specific members of the gut microbiota.
Interleukin-8, produced by intratumoral and circulating myeloid cells, correlates with an immunosuppressive myeloid-enriched tumor microenvironment and adverse cancer prognosis.
Modeling an approach in which people who have recovered from COVID-19 are returned to society to reduce interactions between infected people and vulnerable people indicates the effectiveness of such an approach in reducing deaths.
A ‘fast-fail’ clinical-trial approach for depression indicates that engaging κ-opioid-receptor antagonism improves reward-circuit dysfunction and anhedonia.
Novel RNA-targeting antisense therapy is shown to reduce lipoprotein(a) levels in 286 patients with existing atherosclerotic disease by upwards of 80% in a phase 2 clinical trial.
Neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade achieves deep or complete pathologic responses in patients with mismatch-repair-deficient and mismatch-repair-proficient early colon cancer.
A trial of a therapeutic vaccine against HIV induces cellular immunity and, although it provides hope, it highlights the hurdles for the development of such strategies.
Trans-ethnic study shows promise in the identification of genetic commonalities and differences for the contribution of traits to lifespan across genetically diverse populations.
Analysis of the intestinal content of fetuses suggests very limited bacterial colonization with potential immunological roles, which opens new research questions.
A study in Peru of community-wide implementation of the use of salt substitution strengthens the evidence for its use as a public-health strategy to reduce blood pressure and, thus, chronic disease risk.
Measurement of phosphorylated tau protein in blood plasma allows Alzheimer’s disease to be distinguished from other neurological diseases and may assist in disease detection during the prodromal stage.
In late December 2019, a cluster of patients with ‘atypical pneumonia’ of unknown etiology was reported in Wuhan, China. A novel human coronavirus, now provisionally called ‘SARS-CoV-2’, was identified as the cause of this disease, now named ‘COVID-19’.
A genetic study of angiosarcoma designed through an online patient-partnership model overcomes key barriers in rare-disease research and provides indicators of clinical approaches.
Cells develop a heterogeneous response to KRAS inhibitors, bypassing their anti-growth effects by producing more of the protein that does not bind the inhibitor.
A new positron emission tomography radiotracer enables imaging of the human glutamate receptor AMPA-R, a fundamental component of neurotransmission involved in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Detailed single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of skin and blood from a patient with DRESS, a severe adverse drug reaction, leads to a personalized, hypothesis-driven treatment.