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Myeloid cells show great phenotypic and functional diversity. Newell and colleagues use mass cytometry with a panel of 38 mouse myeloid markers to describe myeloid cell phenotypic diversity in unprecedented depth within eight different tissues.
High endothelial vessels (HEVs) provide the conduit for blood-borne leukocytes to enter lymph nodes. Butcher and colleagues report transcriptional profiles of various endothelial cell populations that can explain functional differences of homing-molecule modifications.
Genome-wide epigenetic analyses can yield new insights into disease pathways. Vijayanand and colleagues mapped transcriptional enhancers in human T cells from healthy and asthmatic individuals and identify asthma-specific TH2 cell–associated enhancers.
The transcription factor Foxp3 is essential for the function of regulatory T cells (Treg cells). Rudensky and colleagues show binding of Foxp3 poises target genes for repression and, after activation of Treg cells, recruits the histone methyltransferase Ezh2.