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KNOX genes function in plant meristems, which produce leaves and stems. Three recent studies show that the dwarf phenotype, brevipedicellus, is caused by a recessive mutation in a KNOX gene. A fourth study shows that misexpression of KNOX genes leads to novel features that may have selective value.
The theory that DNA methylation controls tissue-specific gene expression has remained controversial despite being frequently cited for more than 25 years. A new study shows a pristine example of methylation and gene expression that is cell-type–restricted, although questions about causality persist.
Mutant screens have become a successful approach in vertebrates, but cloning the mutated genes can be an arduous task. Now an insertional mutagenesis method in the zebrafish bypasses this difficulty and is used to clone 75 mutated genes!
LINE-1 elements, an abundant class of mammalian transposable elements, can insert at sites of double-stranded DNA breaks. Do they promote the repair process or take advantage of it?
The human genome contains up to four paralogs of many Drosophila genes. Two rounds of whole-genome duplication followed by substantial gene loss could explain this pattern easily, but this hypothesis has often been questioned. Mounting evidence from the human genome sequence now confirms at least one genome duplication during early chordate evolution.