Abstract
Even though bulk metallic systems contain a very large number of strongly interacting electrons, their properties are well described within Landau's Fermi liquid theory of non-interacting quasiparticles. Although many higher-dimensional systems can be successfully understood on the basis of such non-interacting theories, this is not possible for one-dimensional systems. When confined to narrow channels, electron interaction gives rise to such exotic phenomena as spin–charge separation and the emergence of correlated-electron insulators. Such strongly correlated electronic behaviour has recently been seen in experiments on one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and nanowires, and this behaviour challenges the theoretical description of such systems.
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Acknowledgements
A.Y. and L.I.G. acknowledge a discussion with B. I. Halperin of the difference between charge fractionalization and quantization. L.I.G. acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Materials Research (grant no. DMR-0906498) and the Nanosciences Foundation at Grenoble, France. M.B. acknowledges the US Office of Naval Research. A.Y. is supported by the NSF under contract DMR.0707484.
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Reprints and permissions information is available at http://www.nature.com/reprints. Correspondence should be addressed to M.B. (marc.bockrath@ucr.edu).
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Deshpande, V., Bockrath, M., Glazman, L. et al. Electron liquids and solids in one dimension. Nature 464, 209–216 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08918
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08918
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