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Three-dimensional nanotopography plays a key role in the interaction of nanoscale drug delivery systems and biological components. This Review discusses bioinspired nanotopographies that can improve muco-adhesion and cyto-adhesion, drug uptake and trafficking, barrier remodelling, cellular modulation and antimicrobial activities of various drug delivery platforms.
The tumour microenvironment of solid tumours can prevent immune cell infiltration and negatively affect the efficacy of immunotherapies. This Review discusses the design of biomaterials-based tools that can modulate the physicochemical features of the tumour microenvironment to assist immunotherapies.
Bioengineering has the power to improve health globally by engineering diagnostic, treatment and disease monitoring platforms that function in diverse settings, including resource-constrained contexts. In this Viewpoint, the authors highlight the pressing challenges that need to be addressed to make the field more equitable and to enable bioengineered solutions that can be implemented anywhere, anytime and by anyone.
Synthetic morphogenesis is limited by knowledge gaps about the competencies of cells and cell groups. This Review discusses a synthetic bioengineering framework based on empirically determined properties of cells, including goal-seeking and agential behaviours, which will allow the creation of complex devices that cannot be built using bottom-up approaches.
The feasibility of large-scale testing with lateral flow tests has been demonstrated in the COVID-19 pandemic. This Review examines lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic to inform the design and bioengineering of next-generation lateral flow tests to strengthen future diagnostic resilience.
Luminescence imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) region enables non-radiative, fast-feedback, low-cost and high-contrast in vivo imaging of biological tissues. This Review discusses engineering challenges that need to be addressed to enable clinical translation of NIR luminescence imaging.
Adult stem cell-derived organoids closely resemble their tissue of origin. This Review discusses recent developments in CRISPR-mediated genome engineering and its application using adult-stem-cell-derived organoids in the construction of isogenic disease models and for clinical gene repair.
