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An organic artificial spiking neuron based on nonlinear ionoelectronic phenomena is reported that is sensitive to ionic and biomolecular species common in neuronal signalling. The neuron realistically emulates the function and firing properties of biological neurons and enables biohybrid interfaces made of artificial and biological components that function in real time.
A flexible sensor interface integrated into different commercial face masks can be used to measure breathing patterns, skin temperature, physical activity and the fit of the mask itself.
Artificial synapses made of indium selenide can exhibit tunable temporal dynamics, which can be used to achieve multisensory fusion and multiple-timescale feature extraction in reservoir computing.
Wearable sweat-sensing devices that use self-powered sensors, electrochromic displays and thin-film batteries can operate free from any connections to bulky external electronics.
With the help of two different kinds of memristor, a low-power, fully analogue reservoir computing system can be created for use in high-accuracy arrhythmia detection and dynamic gesture recognition.
A monocrystalline native oxide dielectric, β-Bi2SeO5, with a high dielectric constant has been synthesized by oxidizing a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor, Bi2O2Se. In 2D transistors, the ultrathin β-Bi2SeO5 dielectric demonstrates sub-0.5-nm equivalent oxide thickness and leakage current below the low-power limit, meeting the requirements of the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems.
This Review examines the development of micro light-emitting diodes, exploring key performance characteristics, leading manufacturing approaches and current system demonstrations, as well considering the potential future applications of the technology.
The interactions between antiferromagnetic moments and spin currents owing to topological surface states are observed as a combination of magnetoresistance effects and current-induced switching of the magnetic moments. These observations suggest that topological surface states could provide a tool for reading and writing antiferromagnetic memories with ultralow energy consumption.
An artificial neuron is designed to communicate chemically with biological neurons. The artificial neuron can receive and release the neurotransmitter dopamine, enabling adaptive interaction with live neurons and the sciatic nerve in a mouse leg.
This Review examines the origin of shape-, confinement- and strain-induced effects in electronic materials with nanoscale curved geometries and explores how to exploit these effects in electronic, magnetic and superconducting devices.
Silicon-based dual-gate photodiodes with electrostatically controlled photocurrents can be used to create imaging systems that can compute incoming visual data.
Laser-assisted chemical reactions have been used to write reversible ultra-high-density doping patterns in graphene for optoelectronic applications. The approach used two laser beams with specific photon energies and geometric configurations to enable local doping with a high dopant coverage ratio on graphene, while preserving the electronic properties of the surface.
This Perspective examines the challenges involved in assessing the operation and performance of field-effect transistors based on emerging materials, and provides guidelines for the consistent reporting and benchmarking of the devices.
Three-dimensional computing systems made of vertically integrated complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor circuits and layered resistive memory can perform analogue computing-in-memory with high energy efficiency.
Microelectromechanical systems that can disintegrate and degrade after a targeted lifetime are demonstrated alongside bioresorbable encapsulating materials and deployment strategies that offer safe biointegration of such devices. These devices have the potential to reduce electronic waste and help create temporary biomedical implants.
Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors that are fabricated using aligned nanotube arrays exhibit an identical sequence of random ternary bits, which can be separated and used to generate security keys for encrypted communications.
This Review examines the development of micro-thermoelectric devices, exploring progress in device design, integration and performance, and the potential applications of the technology in cooling, power generation and sensing.
A reconfigurable integration technology based on stackable chips with embedded arrays of optoelectronic devices and memristive crossbars could be of use in edge intelligence applications.
