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The authors show that higher concentrations of disease-associated microglial activation stage 2 (DAM2) markers are associated with reduced tau accumulation and slower cognitive decline in nondemented individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting that microglial activation delays disease progression.
This study found that cerebral small vessel disease was associated with relatively increased glycolysis in the normal-appearing white matter around lesions. Furthermore, lesions tend to develop in white matter that is less glycolytic in healthy humans.
The prevalence and consequences of vision impairment are increasing due to population growth and aging. This study finds that in India, one in three older adults has distance visual impairment or is blind, which may impact not only how they see the world, but also their overall health and well-being.
COVID-19 vaccines protect against infection, hospitalization and death in older adults, but their effectiveness is lower in this age group compared to young adults. Here, Palacios-Pedrero et al. show that age-dependent signs of immunosenescence in B and T cells in older adults correlate with poor immunological outcomes after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination but not after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The intestinal microbiome has an important role in health and disease; however, the long-term effects of lifestyle choices on microbiome alterations are incompletely understood. Here, based on extensive lifestyle and medical data collected over 26 years, Si et al. demonstrate that long-term life history can predict current enterotype in older adults.
One in ten older adults in Canada are victims of elder abuse each year. Older adults with lower physical, mental or cognitive health or history of child maltreatment have elevated risk, while greater social support is protective against this issue.
Goldman et al. demonstrate that meningeal lymphatic vessels play a role in sickness behavior. The authors also find that age-related lymphatic dysfunction increases susceptibility to sickness and that enhancement of meningeal lymphatic function improves movement in sick, aged mice.
Aging is associated with a decline in stem cell function and impaired tissue homeostasis; however, the mechanisms that lead to the loss of stem cells are incompletely understood. Here the authors show that aging-associated skin vasculature atrophy causes dermal stiffening that leads to epidermal stem cell dysregulation.
Epigenetic clocks can measure biological aging, but the relationship between epigenetic age and other hallmarks of aging is incompletely understood. Here the authors show that epigenetic age is associated with nutrient sensing, mitochondria activity and stem cell depletion but distinct from cellular senescence, telomere attrition and genomic instability.
This study shows that body mass indexes (BMIs) in the overweight or mild obesity range are associated with a decreased risk of mortality in the oldest old in China, supporting the notion that optimal BMIs are age dependent and challenging national and international guidelines on healthy BMI.
This study investigated trajectories of depressive symptoms associated with several health conditions using a sample of over 19,000 older adults. The presence of depressive symptoms was associated with poor health prognosis and increased mortality.
The authors used limited proteolysis–mass spectrometry to assess changes in protein structures in mouse CSF with aging. They identified changes in proteins that correlated with cognition and Alzheimer’s disease in humans, including Cd5l/AIM and 14-3-3 proteins.
The authors find that higher adherence to a healthful plant-based diet is associated with a decreased risk of mortality among older adults in China, whereas unhealthful plant-based dietary patterns are associated with increased mortality risk.
In a cerebral amyloid angiopathy rat model, the authors show that spinal fluid moves more rapidly but partly bypasses the brain, thereby reducing and delaying waste removal via the glymphatic and lymphatic systems.
This study demonstrates that the burden of protein-truncating variants identified through population-scale exome sequencing impacts how long we live. The authors report four distinct human lifespan genes with roles in cancer and clonal hematopoiesis.
Using more than 100 independent iPSC lines derived from patients with Alzheimer’s disease, the authors discovered loci associated with the neuronal production of amyloid β and confirmed their influence using RNA interference.
The authors show that eye-drop administration of an NAD+ precursor ameliorates age-associated meibomian gland dysfunction, a leading cause of dry eye in older individuals, by (re)activating intracrine steroidogenic activity.
This study shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces paracrine senescence in adjacent uninfected cells via virus-induced cytokine secretion. This resulted in a persistent inflammatory response associated with senescence even after SARS-CoV-2 disappearance.
Life expectancy gains have prompted a planned rise in state pension ages in a number of countries but may not be matched by an extension in healthy working lives. Here the authors project healthy working life expectancy in England to the year 2035 and forecast a lesser increase than the projected gains in life expectancy.