Mitochondrial H+ leak, which is responsible for basal respiration, appears to be a transport process mediated by the ADP/ATP carrier and regulated by fatty acids and adenine nucleotides.
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Bernardi, P. Mitochondrial H+ permeability through the ADP/ATP carrier. Nat Metab 1, 752–753 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-019-0079-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-019-0079-y