In a pooled analysis of 144 high-quality randomized trials involving patients with coronary artery disease, application of the most stringent criteria for surrogacy demonstrated that a reduction in the rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction by any intervention did not necessarily predict a reduction in all-cause or cardiovascular mortality during follow-up.
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Capodanno, D., Wijns, W. Non-fatal MI as surrogate end point for all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Nat Rev Cardiol 19, 149–150 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-021-00667-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-021-00667-5