To the Editor:
Postmenopausal women have a higher risk of hypertension compared with premenopausal women possibly related to increased endothelial dysfunction in the setting of lower levels of circulating estrogen. Using data from 660 women in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), postmenopausal women had higher daytime, nighttime and 24 h systolic blood pressure variability (BPV) compared with premenopausal women, and higher nighttime systolic BPV was associated with higher endothlin-1 (a marker of endothelial dysfunction) in postmenopausal women (ß = 0.27 [0.05, 0.50], p = 0.019), even after adjustment for possible confounders including age. These findings highlight the relevance of menopause status to blood pressure variability and the potential role of blood pressure variability in the development of high endothelin-1 in postmenopausal women.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 digital issues and online access to articles
$119.00 per year
only $9.92 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wenger NK, Arnold A, Bairey Merz CN, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Ferdinand KC, Fleg JL, et al. Hypertension Across a Woman’s Life Cycle. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:1797–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.033
Migneco A, Ojetti V, Covino M, Mettimano M, Montebelli MR, Leone A, et al. Increased blood pressure variability in menopause. Eur Rev Med Pharm Sci. 2008;12:89–95.
Shimbo D, Wang L, Lamonte MJ, Allison M, Wellenius GA, Bavry AA, et al. The effect of hormone therapy on mean blood pressure and visit-to-visit blood pressure variability in postmenopausal women: results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens. 2014;32:2071–81. https://doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0000000000000287.
Coylewright M, Reckelhoff JF, Ouyang P. Menopause and hypertension: an age-old debate. Hypertension. 2008;51:952–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.105742
Mena LJ, Felix VG, Melgarejo JD, Maestre GE. 24-Hour Blood Pressure Variability Assessed by Average Real Variability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6:e006895. https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.117.006895
Reckelhoff JF, Fortepiani LA. Novel mechanisms responsible for postmenopausal hypertension. Hypertension. 2004;43:918–23. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.Hyp.0000124670.03674.15
Fuqua SR, Wyatt SB, Andrew ME, Sarpong DF, Henderson FR, Cunningham MF et al. Recruiting African-American research participation in the Jackson Heart Study: methods, response rates, and sample description. Ethnicity Dis. 2005;15:S6-18-29.
O’Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G, Asmar R, Beilin L, Bilo G, et al. European Society of Hypertension position paper on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens. 2013;31:1731–68. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e328363e964
Campbell Jenkins BW, Addison C, Wilson G, Liu J, Fortune M, Robinson K, et al. Association of the joint effect of menopause and hormone replacement therapy and cancer in African American women: the Jackson Heart Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011;8:2491–504. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8062491
Thijs L, Hansen TW, Kikuya M, Björklund-Bodegård K, Li Y, Dolan E, et al. The International Database of Ambulatory Blood Pressure in relation to Cardiovascular Outcome (IDACO): protocol and research perspectives. Blood Press Monit. 2007;12:255–62. https://doi.org/10.1097/mbp.0b013e3280f813bc
Mena L, Pintos S, Queipo NV, Aizpurua JA, Maestre G, Sulbaran T. A reliable index for the prognostic significance of blood pressure variability. J Hypertens. 2005;23:505–11.
Palatini P, Reboldi G, Beilin LJ, Casiglia E, Eguchi K, Imai Y, et al. Added predictive value of night-time blood pressure variability for cardiovascular events and mortality: the Ambulatory Blood Pressure-International Study. Hypertension. 2014;64:487–93. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03694
Funding
The Jackson Heart Study (JHS) is supported and conducted in collaboration with Jackson State University (HHSN268201800013I), Tougaloo College (HHSN268201800014I), the Mississippi State Department of Health (HHSN268201800015I) and the University of Mississippi Medical Center (HHSN268201800010I, HHSN268201800011I and HHSN268201800012I) contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
LR and JC were responsible for all aspects for the study including study concept, study design, data acquisition, data analysis and paper drafting. PM and NB were involved in the study design, data interpretation as well as critical revision of the paper. VP provided critical revision. All authors provided final approval.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
There are no competing interests for any of the authors. JC is supported by the National Institutes of Health K23-HL133843, R01-HL153646, R01-HL157108, R01-HL155599, R01-HL157264, U01-HL160277, U24-DK060990, and R01-AG074989, and an American Heart Association Bugher Award. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institutes of Health; or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Ethics approval
All participants in the Jackson Heart Study provided informed consent and the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson State University, and Tougaloo College institutional review boards approved the study.
Additional information
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Rethy, L., Polsinelli, V.B., Muntner, P. et al. Association of blood pressure variability with Endothelin-1 by menopause status among Black women: findings from the Jackson Heart Study. J Hum Hypertens 37, 742–745 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-023-00824-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-023-00824-y
This article is cited by
-
Journal of Human Hypertension special issue on sex and gender differences in hypertension
Journal of Human Hypertension (2023)