Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and related NMO spectrum disorders are debilitating neuroinflammatory diseases for which no cure is available. In a retrospective analysis of clinical records of 52 patients with these disorders, Kageyama et al. evaluated the efficacy of various immunosuppressants. Cyclosporine A and azathioprine were found to enable reduced dose of coadministered prednisone, and significantly decreased relapse rates.