Polycystic ovary syndrome is often associated with complications in pregnancy, which metformin does not seem to ameliorate. A recent study has investigated insulin levels in the umbilical venous blood (maternal levels) and umbilical arterial blood (fetal levels). The data seem to suggest the placenta is involved in insulin secretion during pregnancy.
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Pasquali, R. Maternal and fetal insulin levels at birth in women with PCOS. Nat Rev Endocrinol 10, 382–384 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2014.61
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2014.61