Chronic kidney disease

Bardoxolone methyl and kidney function in CKD with type 2 diabetes Pergola, P. E. et al. N. Engl. J. Med. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1105351

Bardoxolone methyl significantly improved glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 227 adult patients, the improvement in GFR was observed at 24 weeks and persisted at 52 weeks.

Obesity

Longitudinal analysis of sleep in relation to BMI and body fat in children: the FLAME study Carter, P. J. et al. BMJ doi:10.1136/bmj.d2712

Increased sleep at ages 3–5 years was associated with lower BMI at age 7 years in a cohort of 244 children from New Zealand. The risk of becoming overweight was independent from initial weight and other confounding factors. The observed increase in BMI among children who do not get enough sleep was due mainly to increased fat mass, rather than increased fat-free mass.

Epidemiology

National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants Danaei, G. et al. Lancet doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60679-X

A very large analysis of epidemiological and health examination studies including data from 199 countries and territories reveals a marked global increase in fasting plasma glucose levels and diabetes prevalence in adults. Since 1980, global fasting plasma glucose levels have risen by 0.07 mmol/l and 0.09 mmol/l per decade for men and women, respectively, while the total number of people with diabetes more than doubled between 1980 and 2008.

Diagnosis

High-sensitive CRP discriminates HNF1A -MODY from other subtypes of diabetes McDonald, T. J. et al. Diabetes Care doi:10.2337/dc11-0323

The potential value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a biomarker to discriminate HNF1A-related maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) has been strengthened by the results of a new study. McDonald and colleagues analyzed a population of 750 patients with diverse forms of diabetes and showed that hsCRP levels are consistently lower in patients with MODY resulting from mutations in HNF1A than in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus or MODY resulting from other mutations.