Abstract
We examined the genetic association between blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary sodium and potassium intervention and to cold pressor test (CPT) in a large family-based dietary feeding study. The dietary intervention and CPT were conducted among 1906 participants in rural China. The dietary intervention included three 7-day periods of low-sodium feeding (51.3 mmol per day), high-sodium feeding (307.8 mmol per day) and high-sodium feeding plus potassium supplementation (60 mmol per day). BP responses to high-sodium intervention had strong genetic correlations (ρG) with both BP responses to low sodium (ρG=−0.43 to −0.54, P-values=0.0005 to 0.03) and to potassium supplementation (ρG=−0.41 to −0.49, P-values=0.001 to 0.005) interventions. Most environmental correlations between BP responses to various dietary interventions were significant. The ρG between BP responses to CPT and to high-sodium intervention and potassium supplementation were statistically significant. For example, the ρG between maximum BP responses to CPT and BP responses to high-sodium intervention was 0.37 (P=0.006) for systolic BP (SBP) and 0.41 (P=0.002) for diastolic BP (DBP). The ρG between maximum BP responses to CPT and BP responses to potassium intervention was −0.42 (P=0.001) for SBP and −0.46 (P=0.001) for SBP. Our study suggests that there are common genetic determinants that influence BP responses to dietary sodium and potassium interventions and to CPT.
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Acknowledgements
The Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt Sensitivity (GenSalt) is supported by research grants (U01HL072507, R01HL087263 and R01HL090682) from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Upsher-Smith Laboratories Inc has provided Klor-Con M20 potassium tablets for the GenSalt study.
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Appendix
Appendix
The GenSalt Study Steering Committee: Dongfeng Gu, Jiang He (Chair), James E Hixson, Cashell E Jaquish, Depei Liu, DC Rao, Paul K Whelton and Zhijian Yao.
GenSalt Collaborative Research Group
Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA: Jiang He (PI), Lydia A Bazzano, Chung-Shiuan Chen, Jing Chen, Mei Hao, Lee Hamm, Tanika Kelly, Paul Muntner, Kristi Reynolds, Paul K Whelton, Wenjie Yang and Qi Zhao.
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA: DC Rao (PI), Matthew Brown, Charles Gu, Hongyan Huang, Treva Rice, Karen Schwander and Shiping Wang.
University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston: James E Hixson (PI) and Lawrence C Shimmin.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Cashell E Jaquish.
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China: Dongfeng Gu (PI), Jie Cao, Jichun Chen, Jingping Chen, Zhenhan Du, Jianfeng Huang, Hongwen Jiang, Jianxin Li, Xiaohua Liang, Depei Liu, Xiangfeng Lu, Donghua Liu, Qunxia Mao, Dongling Sun, Hongwei Wang, Qianqian Wang, Xigui Wu, Ying Yang and Dahai Yu.
Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China: Fanghong Lu (PI), Zhendong Liu, Shikuan Jin, Yingxin Zhao, Shangwen Sun, Shujian Wang, Qengjie Meng, Baojin Liu, Zhaodong Yang and Chuanrui Wei.
Shandong Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shandong, China: Jixiang Ma (PI), Jiyu Zhang and Junli Tang.
Zhengzhou University: Dongsheng Hu, Hongwei Wen, Chongjian Wang, Minghui Shen, Jingjing Pan and Liming Yang.
Xinle Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hebei, China: Xu Ji (PI), Rongyan Li, Haijun Zu and Junwei Song.
Ganyu Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Delin Wu (PI), Xushan Wang, and Xiaofeng Zhang.
Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, China: Jianjun Mu (PI), Enrang Chen, Fuqiang Liu and Guanji Wu.
Chinese National Human Genome Center at Beijing: Zhi-Jian Yao (PI), Shufeng Chen, Dongfeng Gu, Hongfan Li, Laiyuan Wang and Penghua Zhang.
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Mei, H., Rice, T., Gu, D. et al. Genetic correlation of blood pressure responses to dietary sodium and potassium intervention and cold pressor test in chinese population. J Hum Hypertens 25, 500–508 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2010.88
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2010.88