Abstract
THE work of Appellöf1, Runnström2 and Orton3 directed attention to the importance of sea temperature in determining the geographical limits within which a marine animal could breed. It is now well known that the breeding season may vary over the different parts of the range, according to the annual variation in temperature at different latitudes. This effect is particularly evident in species which are adapted to warmer seas ; their breeding season in more temperate waters is increasingly restricted to the warmest months. Recently, Loosanoff and Davis4 have demonstrated experimentally that certain of these organisms, notably Venus mercenaria, can be brought into the breeding condition in winter by gradually raising the temperature of the water in which they are kept and providing them with suitable food.
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References
Appellöf, A., in “The Depths of the Ocean”, 457, by Sir J. Murray and J. Hjort (London, 1912).
Runnström, S., Bergens Mus. Aarb., Naturv. rekke, No. 2 (1927).
Orton, J. H., J. Mar. Biol. Assoc., U.K., 12, 339 (1919).
Loosanoff, V. L., and Davis, H. C., Biol. Bull. Woods Hole, 98, 60 (1950).
Qasim, S. Z., J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer, 21, 144 (1956).
Crisp, D. J., J. Mar. Biol. Assoc., U.K., 33, 473 (1954).
Feyling-Hanssen, R. W., Norsk Polarinst. Skrift., 98 (1953).
Hutchins, L. W., Ecol. Man., 17, 325 (1947).
Crisp, D. J., and Davies, P. A., J. Mar. Biol. Assoc., U.K., 34, 357 (1955).
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CRISP, D. Effect of Low Temperature on the Breeding of Marine Animals. Nature 179, 1138–1139 (1957). https://doi.org/10.1038/1791138b0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/1791138b0
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