Abstract
INTERNAL stresses in cold-worked metals cannot be investigated fully by means of X-ray diffraction because in most cases the stresses vary considerably in distances comparable with the cross-section of the X-ray beam. For this reason, X-ray methods can indicate only the presence and magnitude of internal stresses, but not their distribution in space. A more powerful and direct method of approach is provided by the photo-elastic effect in transparent crystals. Cubic crystals are particularly suitable, since they are optically isotropic when unstressed ; the magnitude and orientation of their birefringence, and its distribution over the crystals, thus give a direct picture of the distribution of internal stress. There is no reason at present for supposing that the plastic deformation of transparent crystals differs fundamentally from that of other crystalline substances, and one may reasonably expect that results derived from experiments on such materials will also be applicable to metals.
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NYE, J. Photo-Elastic Investigation of Internal Stresses in Silver Chloride Caused by Plastic Deformation. Nature 161, 367–368 (1948). https://doi.org/10.1038/161367a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/161367a0
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