Abstract
THE first meeting of the session of the Newcomen Society was held on October 8. Two papers were read, the first by Messrs. N. Deerr and A. Brooks dealing with the “Development of Evaporation in the Sugar Industry”, and the second by Mr. S. Withington on “Automobiles in 1830”. There were three phases in the progress of the practice of evaporation, it was said, the first reaching back to the time when evaporation was conducted over a direct flame, the second phase being marked by the use of steam–heated appliances and the boiling of syrup under reduced pressure, while from this was developed the present practice of multiple–effect evaporation in a series of vessels. The review of Messrs. Deerr and Brooks ranged all over the world, and reference was made to many inventors, manufacturers and plants. One outstanding event was the patenting in 1813 by the Hon. Edward Charles Howard (1774–1816), a cadet of the ducal House of Norfolk, of the vacuum pan, a master patent appearing complete and successful in operation in its first trial. The fiist crude idea of multiple–effect evaporation was to be found in a patent of 1826. One of the chief improvers of the practice was Norbert Rillieux, who was born at New Orleans in 1806 and died in Paris in 1894. In 1934 persons connected with the sugar industry all over the world placed a tablet to Rillieux in the State Museum in New Orleans. Multiple–effect evaporation is to–day used not only in the sugar industry but also in others in which large quantities of liquids are dealt with.
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Evaporation in the Sugar Industry. Nature 148, 465 (1941). https://doi.org/10.1038/148465c0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/148465c0