General Biology: a Book of Outlines and Practical Studies for the General Student

Abstract

WE have long felt that if biology is ever to take the place which it undoubtedly should in our educational system, there will have to be some radical reform in the manner in which it is taught, or perhaps it would be more correct to say in the selection of those portions of the subject which are to be taught. The type-system, excellent as it is in many respects, has had far too much influence on biological curricula, and the over-specialisation in zoology and botany has resulted in a general neglect of those general principles which are the life-blood of both. Fortunately, signs are not wanting of a widespread striving towards a more rational treatment of the subject, and in this respect the Americans appear to be taking the lead. The work before us, modestly described by its author as “A Book of Outlines and Practical Studies for the General Student,” strikes us as being delightfully refreshing and original. Its scope is, perhaps, almost too comprehensive. There are only seven chapters, but they are very long ones. In the first, the interdependence of organisms is illustrated by the relations between flowers and insects; galls, and the relation between ants and aphids. The second deals with the simpler organisms, illustrated by typical alga? and protozoa. The third is devoted, to organic evolution, with a brief account of the animal and vegetable series and the general principles of the subject. The fourth discusses inheritance; the fifth the life-cycle; the sixth the adjustment of organisms to environment; and the seventh the responsive life of organisms.

General Biology: a Book of Outlines and Practical Studies for the General Student.

By Prof. James G. Needham. Pp. xiv+542. (Ithaca, N.Y.: The Comstock Publishing Co., 1910.) Price 2 dollars.