Abstract
IN further answer to your correspondent, p. 270, in passing along a road the wheels of a carriage encounter many small obstacles and inequalities over which they have to rise. In doing so the centre of gravity of the load (which is always higher than the axles) is raised to a greater vertical height when the axles are far apart than when they are close together. The work done in the former case is, therefore, greater than in the latter, by an amount the magnitude of which is proportional to the difference between the versed sines of the angles through which the carriage is tilted in each case respectively. The same argument applies in regard to lateral oscillations of the centre of gravity with the corollary that the narrower the gauge the more easily is the carriage propelled or drawn.
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GALLOWAY, W. Traction of Carriages. Nature 70, 396 (1904). https://doi.org/10.1038/070396b0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/070396b0
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