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| Open AccessProbing single electrons across 300-mm spin qubit wafers
Using a cryogenic 300-mm wafer prober, a new approach for the testing of hundreds of industry-manufactured spin qubit devices at 1.6 K provides high-volume data on performance, allowing optimization of the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fabrication process.
- Samuel Neyens
- , Otto K. Zietz
- & James S. Clarke
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-fidelity spin qubit operation and algorithmic initialization above 1 K
Initialization and operation of spin qubits in silicon above 1 K reach fidelities sufficient for fault-tolerant operations at these temperatures.
- Jonathan Y. Huang
- , Rocky Y. Su
- & Chih Hwan Yang
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Article
| Open AccessPenning micro-trap for quantum computing
A micro-fabricated Penning trap that operates at a 3 T magnetic field demonstrates full quantum control of an ion and the ability to transport the ion arbitrarily in the trapping plane above the chip.
- Shreyans Jain
- , Tobias Sägesser
- & Jonathan Home
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Non-Abelian topological order and anyons on a trapped-ion processor
A trapped-ion quantum processor is used to create ground-states and excitations of non-Abelian topological order on a kagome lattice of 27 qubits with high fidelity.
- Mohsin Iqbal
- , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn
- & Henrik Dreyer
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| Open AccessEncoding a magic state with beyond break-even fidelity
A scheme to prepare a magic state, an important ingredient for quantum computers, on a superconducting qubit array using error correction is proposed that produces better magic states than those that can be prepared using the individual qubits of the device.
- Riddhi S. Gupta
- , Neereja Sundaresan
- & Benjamin J. Brown
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| Open AccessLogical quantum processor based on reconfigurable atom arrays
A programmable quantum processor based on encoded logical qubits operating with up to 280 physical qubits is described, in which improvement of algorithmic performance using a variety of error-correction codes is enabled.
- Dolev Bluvstein
- , Simon J. Evered
- & Mikhail D. Lukin
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| Open AccessMeasurement-induced entanglement and teleportation on a noisy quantum processor
Measurement-induced phases of quantum information have been observed in a system of 70 superconducting qubits.
- J. C. Hoke
- , M. Ippoliti
- & P. Roushan
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High-fidelity gates and mid-circuit erasure conversion in an atomic qubit
This study reports gates between qubits encoded in the nuclear spin state of Yb atoms trapped in optical tweezers, reaching very high fidelity and demonstrating mid-circuit conversion of errors into erasure errors.
- Shuo Ma
- , Genyue Liu
- & Jeff D. Thompson
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-fidelity parallel entangling gates on a neutral-atom quantum computer
The realization of two-qubit entangling gates with 99.5% fidelity on up to 60 rubidium atoms in parallel is reported, surpassing the surface-code threshold for error correction and laying the groundwork for neutral-atom quantum computers.
- Simon J. Evered
- , Dolev Bluvstein
- & Mikhail D. Lukin
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Indistinguishable telecom band photons from a single Er ion in the solid state
Er3+ is implanted into CaWO4, a material with non-polar site symmetry free of background rare earth ions, to realize reduced optical spectral diffusion in nanophotonic devices, representing a step towards making telecom band quantum repeater networks with single ions.
- Salim Ourari
- , Łukasz Dusanowski
- & Jeff D. Thompson
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Generation of genuine entanglement up to 51 superconducting qubits
A scalable approach is provided for preparing and verifying intermediate-scale genuine entanglement on a 66-qubit superconducting quantum processor.
- Sirui Cao
- , Bujiao Wu
- & Jian-Wei Pan
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Single-electron spin resonance detection by microwave photon counting
Spectroscopic measurements of individual rare-earth ion electron spins are performed by detecting their microwave fluorescence, with the method coming close to practical single-electron spin resonance at millikelvin temperatures.
- Z. Wang
- , L. Balembois
- & E. Flurin
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Article
| Open AccessNon-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor
A unitary protocol for braiding projective non-Abelian Ising anyons in a generalized stabilizer code is implemented on a superconducting processor, allowing for verification of their fusion rules and realization of their exchange statistics.
- T. I. Andersen
- , Y. D. Lensky
- & P. Roushan
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Article
| Open AccessLoophole-free Bell inequality violation with superconducting circuits
A loophole-free violation of Bell’s inequality with superconducting circuits shows that non-locality is a viable new resource in quantum information technology realized with superconducting circuits, promising many potential applications.
- Simon Storz
- , Josua Schär
- & Andreas Wallraff
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Article
| Open AccessBeating the break-even point with a discrete-variable-encoded logical qubit
The lifetime of a qubit in a circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture can exceed the break-even point through quantum error correction, representing a key step towards scalable quantum computing.
- Zhongchu Ni
- , Sai Li
- & Dapeng Yu
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Real-time quantum error correction beyond break-even
A study demonstrates the extension of a lifetime of a quantum memory using active quantum error correction and reinforcement learning.
- V. V. Sivak
- , A. Eickbusch
- & M. H. Devoret
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Article
| Open AccessSuppressing quantum errors by scaling a surface code logical qubit
A study demonstrating increasing error suppression with larger surface code logical qubits, implemented on a superconducting quantum processor.
- Rajeev Acharya
- , Igor Aleiner
- & Ningfeng Zhu
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| Open AccessUniversal logic with encoded spin qubits in silicon
In this alternative approach to quantum computation, the all-electrical operation of two qubits, each encoded in three physical solid-state spin qubits, realizes swap-based universal quantum logic in an extensible physical architecture.
- Aaron J. Weinstein
- , Matthew D. Reed
- & Matthew G. Borselli
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Disorder-assisted assembly of strongly correlated fluids of light
Using particle-by-particle assembly and adiabatic manipulation of disorder, low-entropy, strongly correlated quantum fluids of light are constructed, opening up new possibilities for the preparation of exotic phases of synthetic matter.
- Brendan Saxberg
- , Andrei Vrajitoarea
- & David I. Schuster
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| Open AccessUniversal control of a six-qubit quantum processor in silicon
The universal control of six qubits in a 28Si/SiGe quantum dot array is demonstrated, achieving Rabi oscillations for each qubit with visibilities of 93.5–98.0%, implying high readout and initialization fidelities.
- Stephan G. J. Philips
- , Mateusz T. Mądzik
- & Lieven M. K. Vandersypen
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| Open AccessEfficient generation of entangled multiphoton graph states from a single atom
Using a single memory atom in a cavity, a deterministic protocol is implemented to efficiently grow Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger and linear cluster states by means of single-photon emissions.
- Philip Thomas
- , Leonardo Ruscio
- & Gerhard Rempe
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum error correction with silicon spin qubits
By using three silicon spin qubits to construct a phase-correcting code, quantum error correction is implemented and protection of the three-qubit state against any phase-flip error on one of the three qubits is demonstrated.
- Kenta Takeda
- , Akito Noiri
- & Seigo Tarucha
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| Open AccessDigital quantum simulation of Floquet symmetry-protected topological phases
Signatures of non-equilibrium Floquet SPT phases with a programmable superconducting quantum processor are observed in which the discrete time translational symmetry only breaks at the boundaries and not in the bulk.
- Xu Zhang
- , Wenjie Jiang
- & H. Wang
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Optical observation of single spins in silicon
Individually addressable ‘T centre’ photon-spin qubits are integrated in silicon photonic structures and their spin-dependent telecommunications-band optical transitions characterized, creating opportunities to construct silicon-integrated, telecommunications-band quantum information networks.
- Daniel B. Higginbottom
- , Alexander T. K. Kurkjian
- & Stephanie Simmons
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Superconducting-qubit readout via low-backaction electro-optic transduction
Readout of a superconducting qubit embedded in a circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture is demonstrated at optical frequencies through a low-noise electro-optomechanical transducer.
- R. D. Delaney
- , M. D. Urmey
- & K. W. Lehnert
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Demonstration of fault-tolerant universal quantum gate operations
A fault-tolerant, universal set of single- and two-qubit quantum gates is demonstrated between two instances of the seven-qubit colour code in a trapped-ion quantum computer.
- Lukas Postler
- , Sascha Heuβen
- & Thomas Monz
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Realizing repeated quantum error correction in a distance-three surface code
By using 17 physical qubits in a superconducting circuit to encode quantum information in a surface-code logical qubit, fast (1.1 μs) and high-performance (logical error probability of 3%) quantum error-correction cycles are demonstrated.
- Sebastian Krinner
- , Nathan Lacroix
- & Andreas Wallraff
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Article
| Open AccessFault-tolerant operation of a logical qubit in a diamond quantum processor
By using a five-qubit error-correcting code with a recently discovered flag protocol, a logical qubit that is operated fault-tolerantly is realized based on solid-state spin qubits in diamond.
- M. H. Abobeih
- , Y. Wang
- & T. H. Taminiau
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Article
| Open AccessA quantum processor based on coherent transport of entangled atom arrays
A quantum processer is realized using arrays of neutral atoms that are transported in a parallel manner by optical tweezers during computations, and used for quantum error correction and simulations.
- Dolev Bluvstein
- , Harry Levine
- & Mikhail D. Lukin
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Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid-state qubit
Via spin-exchange interactions with 51V5+ ions, an optically addressed 171Yb3+ qubit in a nuclear-spin-rich yttrium orthovanadate crystal is used to implement a reproducible nuclear-spin-based quantum memory, and entangled Yb–V Bell states are demonstrated.
- Andrei Ruskuc
- , Chun-Ju Wu
- & Andrei Faraon
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Quantum register of fermion pairs
Entangled pairs of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice array have long-lived motional coherence, and the motion of each pair results in a robust qubit, protected by exchange symmetry.
- Thomas Hartke
- , Botond Oreg
- & Martin Zwierlein
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Fast universal quantum gate above the fault-tolerance threshold in silicon
Single- and two-qubit gate fidelities above the fault-tolerance threshold for quantum computation are demonstrated in silicon quantum dots by fast electrical control using a micromagnet-induced gradient field and tunable coupling.
- Akito Noiri
- , Kenta Takeda
- & Seigo Tarucha
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Precision tomography of a three-qubit donor quantum processor in silicon
Universal quantum logic operations with fidelity exceeding 99%, approaching the threshold of fault tolerance, are realized in a scalable silicon device comprising an electron and two phosphorus nuclei, and a fidelity of 92.5% is obtained for a three-qubit entangled state.
- Mateusz T. Mądzik
- , Serwan Asaad
- & Andrea Morello
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Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit
Fault-tolerant circuits for the control of a logical qubit encoded in 13 trapped ion qubits through a Bacon–Shor quantum error correction code are demonstrated.
- Laird Egan
- , Dripto M. Debroy
- & Christopher Monroe
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Article
| Open AccessExponential suppression of bit or phase errors with cyclic error correction
Repetition codes running many cycles of quantum error correction achieve exponential suppression of errors with increasing numbers of qubits.
- Zijun Chen
- , Kevin J. Satzinger
- & Julian Kelly
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Correlated charge noise and relaxation errors in superconducting qubits
Cosmic-ray particles and γ-rays striking superconducting circuits can generate qubit errors that are spatially correlated across several millimetres, hampering current error-correction approaches.
- C. D. Wilen
- , S. Abdullah
- & R. McDermott
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CMOS-based cryogenic control of silicon quantum circuits
A cryogenic CMOS control chip operating at 3 K is used to demonstrate coherent control and simple algorithms on silicon qubits operating at 20 mK.
- Xiao Xue
- , Bishnu Patra
- & Lieven M. K. Vandersypen
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Demonstration of the trapped-ion quantum CCD computer architecture
The quantum charge-coupled device architecture is demonstrated, with its various elements integrated into a programmable trapped-ion quantum computer and performing simple quantum operations with state-of-the-art levels of error.
- J. M. Pino
- , J. M. Dreiling
- & B. Neyenhuis
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Control and readout of a superconducting qubit using a photonic link
High-fidelity control and readout of a superconducting qubit is performed with a low-noise optical fibre link that delivers microwave signals directly to the millikelvin quantum computing environment.
- F. Lecocq
- , F. Quinlan
- & J. D. Teufel
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A four-qubit germanium quantum processor
Using germanium quantum dots, a four-qubit processor capable of single-, two-, three-, and four-qubit gates, demonstrated by the creation of four-qubit Greenberger−Horne−Zeilinger states, is the largest yet realized with solid-state electron spins.
- Nico W. Hendrickx
- , William I. L. Lawrie
- & Menno Veldhorst
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Article
| Open AccessNondestructive detection of photonic qubits
A nondestructive detector of photonic qubits, comprising a single 87Rb atom trapped in the centre point of two crossed fibre-based optical resonators, is demonstrated.
- Dominik Niemietz
- , Pau Farrera
- & Gerhard Rempe
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Deterministic multi-qubit entanglement in a quantum network
High-fidelity deterministic quantum state transfer and multi-qubit entanglement are demonstrated in a quantum network comprising two superconducting quantum nodes one metre apart, with each node including three interconnected qubits.
- Youpeng Zhong
- , Hung-Shen Chang
- & Andrew N. Cleland
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Protecting a bosonic qubit with autonomous quantum error correction
A logical qubit encoded in multi-photon states of a superconducting cavity is protected with autonomous correction of certain quantum errors by tailoring the dissipation it is exposed to.
- Jeffrey M. Gertler
- , Brian Baker
- & Chen Wang
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Entangling logical qubits with lattice surgery
Two logical qubits are encoded in ensembles of four physical qubits through the surface code, then entangled by lattice surgery, which is a protocol for carrying out fault-tolerant operations.
- Alexander Erhard
- , Hendrik Poulsen Nautrup
- & Thomas Monz
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Superconducting qubit to optical photon transduction
A chip-scale platform is developed for the conversion of a single microwave excitation of a superconducting qubit into optical photons, with potential uses in quantum computer networks.
- Mohammad Mirhosseini
- , Alp Sipahigil
- & Oskar Painter
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Bolometer operating at the threshold for circuit quantum electrodynamics
A thermal detector based on a graphene monolayer operates at the threshold for circuit quantum electrodynamics applications, achieving a minimum time constant of 200 ns.
- R. Kokkoniemi
- , J.-P. Girard
- & M. Möttönen
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The superconducting quasicharge qubit
A fundamental superconducting qubit is introduced: ‘blochnium’ is dual to the transmon, relies on a circuit element called hyperinductance, and its fundamental physical variable is the quasicharge of the Josephson junction.
- Ivan V. Pechenezhskiy
- , Raymond A. Mencia
- & Vladimir E. Manucharyan
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Experimental deterministic correction of qubit loss
A deterministic correction of errors caused by qubit loss or leakage outside the computational space is demonstrated in a trapped-ion experiment by using a minimal instance of the topological surface code.
- Roman Stricker
- , Davide Vodola
- & Rainer Blatt
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Impact of ionizing radiation on superconducting qubit coherence
Ionizing radiation from environmental radioactivity and cosmic rays increases the density of broken Cooper pairs in superconducting qubits, reducing their coherence times, but can be partially mitigated by lead shielding.
- Antti P. Vepsäläinen
- , Amir H. Karamlou
- & William D. Oliver