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Microbial communities are groups of microorganisms that share a common living space. The microbial populations that form the community can interact in different ways, for example as predators and prey or as symbionts.
Here, the authors show that elevating fiber intake in humans alters their gut microbiota, which, upon transplantation into mice, enhances intestinal mucus function, and identify a crucial role played by the commensal bacterium Blautia and its fermentation products.
Root-associated microbiota confers benefits to plant in responding to environmental stress. Here, the authors show that wild soybean secretes purines under salt stress, reshapes the microbiota and recruits Pseudomonas.
Next-Generation Sequencing and analysis of 16 S rRNA gene from Bengali, Chakma, Marma, Khyang, and Tripura fecal samples revealed a distinct diversity profile of their gut microbiota compared to that of other countries.
Cas9 nucleases hold clinical significance for genome editing therapies. Here the authors characterize CoCas9, a compact, efficient and precise Cas9 from the human microbiome, and show that delivery via AAV vectors enables efficient editing in the mouse retina, expanding the genome editing toolbox.
Unusual microbial communities in a person’s lower airways could influence the onset and progression of lung cancer and other conditions, and might point the way to therapies.
Multidisciplinary culture-dependent and -independent techniques elucidate the unique microbial nitrogen cycle in nutrient-poor coastal Antarctica soils and reveal the contribution of novel key microbes to their nitrogen budget.
This Genome Watch article highlights the recent use of large-scale monitoring of natural microbiomes to examine feedback between environmental change and microbial adaptation.
The clinical translation of therapeutics on the basis of human gut microorganisms is hampered by our limited knowledge of how microbes survive and adapt to fluctuating conditions in the gut. The systematic exploration of gut microbiome survival strategies and trade-offs will thus enable the design of more efficient microbiome-based interventions.