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Mechanisms of calcium homeostasis orchestrate plant growth and immunity
A study of calcium homeostasis in the plant Arabidopsis reveals two signalling pathways it uses to balance the objectives of growth and immunity by regulating the level of Ca2+ in the cytosol.
- Chao Wang
- , Ren-Jie Tang
- & Sheng Luan
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Article
| Open AccessLTP induction by structural rather than enzymatic functions of CaMKII
Several independent lines of evidence demonstrated long-term potentiation induction by a structural function of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II rather than by its enzymatic activity.
- Jonathan E. Tullis
- , Matthew E. Larsen
- & K. Ulrich Bayer
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Article
| Open AccessInhibition of calcium-triggered secretion by hydrocarbon-stapled peptides
Peptides that disrupt Ca2+-triggered membrane fusion may enable the therapeutic modulation of mucin secretory pathways.
- Ying Lai
- , Giorgio Fois
- & Axel T. Brunger
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Article |
Na+ controls hypoxic signalling by the mitochondrial respiratory chain
Na+ controls the function of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system and hypoxic redox signalling through an unexpected interaction with phospholipids.
- Pablo Hernansanz-Agustín
- , Carmen Choya-Foces
- & Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
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Article |
Hydrogen peroxide sensor HPCA1 is an LRR receptor kinase in Arabidopsis
HPCA1, a member of a previously uncharacterized subfamily of leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinases, is the hydrogen-peroxide sensor at the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis.
- Feihua Wu
- , Yuan Chi
- & Zhen-Ming Pei
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Letter |
A calmodulin-gated calcium channel links pathogen patterns to plant immunity
The cyclic nucleotide-gated channel proteins CNGC2 and CNGC4 form a calcium channel in Arabidopsis; this channel is blocked by calmodulin in the resting state but is phosphorylated and activated upon pathogen attack, triggering an increase in cytosolic calcium levels.
- Wang Tian
- , Congcong Hou
- & Sheng Luan
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Letter |
BAP1 regulates IP3R3-mediated Ca2+ flux to mitochondria suppressing cell transformation
BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) regulates calcium flux in the endoplasmic reticulum to facilitate the execution of apoptosis, unveiling a new facet of the role of BAP1 as an environmental tumour suppressor.
- Angela Bononi
- , Carlotta Giorgi
- & Michele Carbone
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Letter |
The mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger is essential for Ca2+ homeostasis and viability
Conditional deletion of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger NCLX in adult mouse hearts causes sudden death due to mitochondrial calcium overload, whereas its overexpression limits cell death elicited by ischaemia reperfusion injury and heart failure.
- Timothy S. Luongo
- , Jonathan P. Lambert
- & John W. Elrod
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Article |
Postsynaptic synaptotagmins mediate AMPA receptor exocytosis during LTP
Postsynaptic synaptotagmin-1 and synaptotagmin-7 mediate calcium-dependent exocytosis of AMPA receptors during long-term potentiation.
- Dick Wu
- , Taulant Bacaj
- & Thomas C. Südhof
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Letter |
Primary cilia are not calcium-responsive mechanosensors
Mechanosensation, if it originates in primary cilia, is not via calcium signalling.
- M. Delling
- , A. A. Indzhykulian
- & D. E. Clapham
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Article |
Signal integration by Ca2+ regulates intestinal stem-cell activity
Drosophila intestinal stem cells (ISCs) respond to changes in diet, particularly L-glutamate levels, by modulating Ca2+ signalling to adapt their proliferation rate; furthermore, Ca2+ is shown to be central to the response of ISCs to a wide range of dietary and stress stimuli.
- Hansong Deng
- , Akos A. Gerencser
- & Heinrich Jasper
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Letter |
OSCA1 mediates osmotic-stress-evoked Ca2+ increases vital for osmosensing in Arabidopsis
Osmotic stress is known to induce a transient increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i in plants, and now OSCA1 is identified as a long-sought Ca2+ channel that mediates [Ca2+]i increases—mutants lacking OSCA1 function have impaired osmotic Ca2+ signalling in guard cells and root cells, and reduced transpiration regulation and root growth under osmotic stress.
- Fang Yuan
- , Huimin Yang
- & Zhen-Ming Pei
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Letter |
Primary cilia are specialized calcium signalling organelles
Primary cilia are known as specialized calcium signalling compartments on the cell surface, but the ionic permeability and other physiological properties of these protrusions are unknown—this is one of two studies identifying the ion channels that densely populate primary cilia, with direct measurements revealing cilia as a unique, functionally independent calcium signalling compartment that modulates hedgehog signalling pathways.
- Markus Delling
- , Paul G. DeCaen
- & David E. Clapham
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Letter |
Diabetic hyperglycaemia activates CaMKII and arrhythmias by O-linked glycosylation
CaMKII is known to be pathologically activated in heart failure and arrhythmias; here it is shown that glucose-induced CaMKII activation via O-linked glycosylation might contribute to cardiac pathology in diabetes.
- Jeffrey R. Erickson
- , Laetitia Pereira
- & Donald M. Bers
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Letter |
Ca2+ regulates T-cell receptor activation by modulating the charge property of lipids
Calcium–lipid electrostatic interactions are shown to amplify the tyrosine phosphorylation of CD3ε and CD3ζ in T-cell antigen receptor complex.
- Xiaoshan Shi
- , Yunchen Bi
- & Chenqi Xu
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Letter |
The calcium-sensing receptor regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome through Ca2+ and cAMP
Evidence is presented that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated by the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR).
- Geun-Shik Lee
- , Naeha Subramanian
- & Jae Jin Chae
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Letter |
A bimodular mechanism of calcium control in eukaryotes
Detailed characterization of the regulatory domain of a plasma-membrane Ca2+-ATPase — a calcium pump — in complex with calmodulin results in a two-step structural model that explains how calmodulin-mediated regulation of pump activation affords highly responsive control over the intracellular calcium concentration in eukaryotes.
- Henning Tidow
- , Lisbeth R. Poulsen
- & Poul Nissen
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Letter |
CaMKII determines mitochondrial stress responses in heart
- Mei-ling A. Joiner
- , Olha M. Koval
- & Mark E. Anderson
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Letter |
Compartmentalized calcium dynamics in a C. elegans interneuron encode head movement
Subcellular compartmentalization established by mobilization of intracellular calcium stores in RIA interneurons provides a means of self-motion monitoring and a cellular basis for integrating sensory and motor signals in nematodes’ brains.
- Michael Hendricks
- , Heonick Ha
- & Yun Zhang
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Letter |
Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in fasting and diabetes
Interactions between cyclic AMP and calcium signalling pathways mediated by the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor are shown to regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis in fasting and diabetes.
- Yiguo Wang
- , Gang Li
- & Marc Montminy
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Letter |
Cysteinyl leukotriene type I receptor desensitization sustains Ca2+-dependent gene expression
Rather than turning off the biological response, desensitization of the cysteinyl leukotriene type I receptor sustains long-term signalling in the immune system.
- Siaw-Wei Ng
- , Daniel Bakowski
- & Anant B. Parekh
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Letter |
Functional mapping of single spines in cortical neurons in vivo
- Xiaowei Chen
- , Ulrich Leischner
- & Arthur Konnerth
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Letter |
A forty-kilodalton protein of the inner membrane is the mitochondrial calcium uniporter
- Diego De Stefani
- , Anna Raffaello
- & Rosario Rizzuto
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Letter |
The CatSper channel mediates progesterone-induced Ca2+ influx in human sperm
Progesterone stimulates an increase in Ca2+ levels in human sperm, but the underlying signalling mechanism is poorly understood. Two studies now show that progesterone activates the sperm-specific, pH-sensitive CatSper calcium channel, leading to a rapid influx of Ca2+ ions into the spermatozoa. These results should help to define the physiological role of progesterone and CatSper in sperm, and could lead to the development of new classes of non-hormonal contraceptives.
- Timo Strünker
- , Normann Goodwin
- & U. Benjamin Kaupp
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News & Views |
A sensor for calcium uptake
Mitochondria — the cell's power plants — increase their energy production in response to calcium signals in the cytoplasm. A regulator of the elusive mitochondrial calcium channel has now been identified.
- Sean Collins
- & Tobias Meyer
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Article |
MICU1 encodes a mitochondrial EF hand protein required for Ca2+ uptake
The uptake of calcium by mitochondria has a central role in cell physiology, and an imbalance can trigger cell death. Now the first protein that is localized to the mitochondrion and is specifically required for calcium uptake has been identified. This protein, mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1), represents the founding member of a set of proteins required for high-capacity calcium uptake. Its discovery should aid in the full molecular characterization of the mitochondrial calcium uptake pathways.
- Fabiana Perocchi
- , Vishal M. Gohil
- & Vamsi K. Mootha
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Letter |
Wnt11 patterns a myocardial electrical gradient through regulation of the L-type Ca2+ channel
An electrical gradient is crucial for the normal functioning of the heart. These authors show that Wnt11 signals are required to set up this gradient in the developing zebrafish heart by regulating the L-type calcium channel.
- Daniela Panáková
- , Andreas A. Werdich
- & Calum A. MacRae
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Article |
Dendritic organization of sensory input to cortical neurons in vivo
Many sensory neurons in the mammalian cortex are tuned to specific stimulus features — for example, some fire only when horizontal bars move from top to bottom in the visual field. But it has been unclear whether such tuning is encoded in a neuron's inputs, or whether the neuron itself computes its response. Here, a new technique for visualizing and mapping sensory inputs to the dendrites of neurons in the mouse visual cortex has shown that each neuron makes its own 'decision' as to the orientation preference of its output.
- Hongbo Jia
- , Nathalie L. Rochefort
- & Arthur Konnerth
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Research Highlights |
Neuroscience: Nerve cell talk
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Letter |
Differential innate immune signalling via Ca2+ sensor protein kinases
Plants and animals sense intruding pathogens by using proteins that recognize diverse microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and initiate innate immune responses. Early signalling responses in the host include calcium influx, an oxidative burst and transcriptional reprogramming. Here, four calcium-dependent protein kinases are described that function as calcium sensors, act as convergence points for various MAMPs, and are crucial for transcriptional reprogramming and oxidative burst in plants.
- Marie Boudsocq
- , Matthew R. Willmann
- & Jen Sheen
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Letter |
Enzyme-inhibitor-like tuning of Ca2+ channel connectivity with calmodulin
Ca2+ channels and calmodulin (CaM) are two prominent hubs of biological signalling networks, affecting functions such as cardiac excitability and gene transcription. The prevailing view has been that the ultrastrong affinity of channels for the Ca2+-free form of calmodulin (apoCaM) ensures their saturation with CaM and yields a form of concentration independence between Ca2+ channels and CaM. Here, however, significant exceptions to this autonomy are shown to exist.
- Xiaodong Liu
- , Philemon S. Yang
- & David T. Yue